黑龙江省高血压病流行病学的研究

目的 了解黑龙江省高血压病流行病学特点,为该地区高血压的防治工作提供科学依据。方法 1959、1979、1991和1999年4次在黑龙江省采取随机整群抽样方法,按国际通用血压测量方法和有关质量控制规定,对年龄≥15岁城乡自然人群289157人（男154091人,女135066人）进行血压测量及影响血压水平的相关因素调查。结果 该地区为我国高血压病高发区;高血压患病率逐年增高,40年共增高105％,而且近10年增高迅速加快;男性患病率高于女性（P＜0．01）;随年龄增高高血压患病率升高,且发病年龄年轻化,目前35－45岁人群高血压患病率为20．47％;地区、城乡及不同职业高血压患病率不同;年龄、体重指数、饮酒、高盐食等因素是黑龙江地区高血压的主要危险因素;在该地区高血压的知晓率、服药率及控制率较低。结论 根据本地特点加强该地区的高血压防治力度。

Epidemiological study of hypertension in Heilongjiang province

OBJECTIVE: To find out the epidemiological features of hypertension in Heilongjiang Province, so as to provide guidance and scientific ebidence for hypertensive prophylaxis and treatment. METHODS: >From the year of 1959 to 1999, 289 157 people in total with age >/= 15 years old (male 154 091, female 135 066) were investigated with stratified chunk method in rural and urban areas in Heilonging Province. RESULTS: Hypertensive incidence in Heilongjiang is much higher than the average level in China (P < 0.01). Hypertensive incidence has become higher and higher during the 40 years it increased 105%. It is in the recent ten years that hypertensive incidence increased most fast. Hypertensive incidence increased more obviously in male than in female (P < 0.01). Hypertensive incidence also increased with aging. Hypertensive incidence has increased both in urban and rural areas, with the urban incidence higher than rural (P < 0.01). Blood lipids (TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C) of the subjects receiving this analysis in the year of 1999 was much higher than those in 1985 (P < 0.01). Alcohol drinking is related to hypertension (OR = 2.18). Smoking is also related to hypertension (OR = 1.29). People with body mass index (BMI) >/= 20 had higher hypertensive incidence (17.56%) than those with BMI < 20 (7.69%). 39 possible related factors of hypertension were analyzed; it is shown that profession of cadre, high BMI, alcohol drinking, male gender, mother's history of hypertension high salt diet and old age are the main risk factors of hypertension. CONCLUSION: The programs of prophylaxis and treatment of hypertension should be enhanced in this province.