546例海洛因依赖者复吸原因分析

目的：分析心理因素、社会因素、戒毒后稽延症状及多药滥用对海洛因依赖者复吸的影响。方法：自拟调查表，进行调查分析，内容包括海洛因滥用情况(滥用时间、滥用量、滥用方法、复吸的频度)、多药滥用情况及影响复吸的3种原因。结果：药物脱毒治疗后3个月的复吸率为94．7％。复吸2次72例，占13．4％；复吸3—5次254例，占46．5％；复吸6—10次202例，占37．0％；复吸11次以上18例，占3．3％。90％被调查者存在多药滥用。3种原因中，对复吸影响最大的是心理因素，其次是社会因素和戒毒后稽延症状。结论：药物戒毒复吸率极高，戒毒的模式应向药物治疗-心理治疗-综合康复的模式转变。

Reasons for relapse in heroin-dependent patients: an analysis of 546 cases

Objective: To analyze the psychological and social factors, the protracted symptoms after the detoxification as well as the influence of the relapse of heroin dependent patients on multi-drug abuse. Methods: The questionnaires for investigating and analyzing were made by us. It includes the status of heroin abuse (time of abuse, dosage of abuse, methods of abuse, frequency of relapse) and the status of multi-drug abuse as well as the causes that affected the relapse of the heroin-dependent patients. Results: The relapse rate was 94 7% in 3 months after drug withdrawal. Among the 546 patients, 72 (13 2%) relapsed 2 twice, 254 (46 5%) relapsed 3-5 times, 202 (37 0%) relapsed 6-10 times, 18 (3 3%) exceeded 11 times. Ninety percent patients investigated had multi-drug abuse. Among the three causes, the psychological factor had the greatest affect on the relapse of the patients, then the social factors and the protracted symptoms after detoxification. Conclusion: Drug withdrawal has high relapse rate. The model of detoxification should be converted to a model of drug withdrawal, psychological treatment and combined rehabilitation.