感染后关节的初次人工关节置换术

目的：探讨关节感染后骨关节炎患者行初次人工关节置换术的特点及治疗原则。方法：回顾性研究既往有关节感染史的8例初次全髋和全膝关节置换术病例，其中化脓性感染6例，结核性感染2例。全髋关节置换6例，手术时平均年龄38．1岁(24—51岁)，感染平均静止22．0年(6—30年)。全膝关节置换2例。行关节置换术前，常规进行白细胞计数、血沉、C反应蛋白等检查以除外活动性感染。术后随访2-11年。结果：既往有髋关节感染者患肢均有明显短缩畸形．股骨上段发育异常，并伴有屈曲挛缩畸形。所有患者术前均无活动性感染。化脓性感染的6例，5例感染静止20年以上者均无感染复发：1例感染静止6个月后行全膝关节置换者，术后9个月感染复发，结核感染的2例术后均无感染复发。1例全髋关节置换患者在术后1年出现假体柄无菌性松动，其余患者功能良好，结论：关节感染后骨关节炎患者年龄相对较轻．关节置换手术难度较大，易出现并发症，术前应先排除活动性感染．在感染静止相当一段时间后进行一期置换．可以取得较好的临床效果。

Primary total arthroplasty for post-infectious hip and knee joint

Objective To elucidate the characteristics and treatment options of the primary joint arthroplasty in patients who had a previous history of the joint infection. Methods Eight total joint arthro-plasties in patients who had previous infection of the joint, were analyzed retrospectively from 1992 to 2001. The diagnosis of joint infection was pyogenic infection in six cases, and tuberculous infection in two cases. Total hip arthroplasty was performed in six cases, the average age of which was 38.1 years (24 to 51 years), and the average quiescent period of infection was 22 years ranging from 6 to 30 years. In these six cases, the average age of infection was 16 years (6 to 31 years); the quiescent period of all five pyogenic infections was more than 20 years, and the quiescent period of other one with tuberculous infection was six years. Total knee arthroplasty was performed in two cases. Results The count of WBC, ESR and CRP were examined routinely with normal values before surgery. While, there were no evidences of infection through intraopertive exploration, and bacterial culture of joint fluids and synovial tissue. The duration of follow-up was 2 to 11 years. The affected limbs had significant shortened deformity of 2 to 6 cm before surgery in hip infections. The hip joints had mal-development and flexion-contracture deformity. All of the patients had no active in-fection before arthroplasty. 5 patients with a quiescent period of pyogenic infection of more than 20 years had no recurrence of infection after total hip arthroplasty. One patient with a quiescent period of 6 months had recurrence of the infection after total knee arthroplasty. There were no recurrence of infection in 2 pa-tients who had tuberculous infection. The results were good except aseptic loosening in one total hip arthro-plasty. Conclusion The total joint replacement for patients with previous joint infection is more difficult in performing in one-stage and on younger patients. The good results can be achieved only on condition that the active infection healed completely, and the patients must keep a definite long period of quiescent time after infection.