细胞色素氧化酶与脑功能研究

细胞色素氧化酶（ｃｙｔｏｃｈｒｏｍｅｏｘｉｄａｓｅ，ＣＯ）作为电子传递链的末端酶，是神经元活动的内源性代谢指标之一。在正常功能状态下，细胞色素氧化酶活性从细胞器到系统各水平都表现出很强的不一致性，并随神经元功能状态的改变其活性随着发生变化。眼优势柱研究的诸多进展及视通路的研究与细胞色素氧化酶组织化学技术的应用是分不开的。许多神经变性疾病均伴有细胞色素氧化酶的缺陷。用于细胞色素氧化酶研究的方法日渐增多。目前大多数中枢神经系统水平的研究均采用组织和细胞化学方法。基因水平的研究已经开展，杂交探针可揭示亚基ｍＲＮＡ水平的变化。与２－脱氧葡萄糖放射自显影相比，细胞色素氧化酶组织化学反映是一个能量代谢更稳定的状态。利用近红外光谱可对细胞色素氧化酶氧化还原状态的变化进行无创性研究。

CYTOCHROME OXIDASE AND THE RESEARCH OF BRAIN FUNCTION

As the terminal enzyme in the electron transport chain,cytochrome oxidase is an endogenous metabolic marker for neuronal activity.The level of cytochrome oxidase activity exihibits greater heterogeneity from organelle to system level under normal conditions,and changes in response to alteration of neuronal functional activity .The progress in the study of ocular dominance columns and visual pathways correlates tightly with the application of detection of cytochrome oxidase(CO)by using histochemical method.Several degenerated neurological diseases are accompanied by CO deficiences.Quite a few approaches are used to the study of cytochrome oxidase in neurons,most of the studies done on the system level in the CNS have used the histochemical method.Studies on the gene level begin to arise,the changes in subunit mRNA levels can be revealed by hybridization probes. In comparison with 2 deoxyglucose autoradiography,cytochrome oxidase histochemistry reflects a more stabilized state of energy metabolism.Near infrared spectoscopy gives a non invasive measurements of CO redox state.