中蒙口岸鼠疫疫情监测与突发疫情处理

〔目的〕通过对中蒙口岸多年鼠疫疫情监测数据分析,掌握鼠疫疫源地动物鼠疫流行规律,以便进一步监控疫情和应对鼠疫突发卫生事件。〔方法〕按照动物鼠疫监测标准、鼠疫自然疫源地及动物鼠疫流行判定标准开展监测。〔结果〕在早已证实的长爪沙鼠疫源地(二连口岸地区),1984～2003年有8个年份判定疫鼠27只,疫蚤32组74匹,该地区鼠间鼠疫每隔3～4年有1次流行,每次流行都可在鼠、蚤体内检到鼠疫菌。连续3年从蒙古国进口的旱獭皮采样监测1431份,检出鼠疫F1抗原阳性15份,最高滴度达1:10240。2003年对该口岸地区发生的动物鼠疫病流行进行了疫情处理。〔结论〕在一些处于鼠疫疫源地的口岸,系统的、长期的开展鼠疫监测意义深远。

Monitoring and Emergency Disposal of Plague Epidemic Situation at the China-Mongolia Boundary

Objective Based on the analysis of the plague monitoring data of the China-Mongolia boundary in the past years,to try understand the epidemic rules of the animal diseases for effective preventive strategy.Method A surveillance was conducted in accordance with Monitoring Standards of Animal Plague and the Identification Standard of Epidemic Area and Animal Plague.Results In the epidemic areas of Mongolian gerbil approved before(the Er-Lian Port),in the 8 years from 1984 to 2003,27 epidemic gerbils and 74 fleas in 32 groups have been identified,and plague occured every 3 or 4 years when Yersinia pestis could be found out in the gerbils and fleas.1 431 marmot skin samples imported from Mongolia were tested in the previous 3 years successively.F1 antigen of plague identified to be positive reached 15,and the highest titer was 1:10 240.In 2003,a series of effective measures were taken to control animal plague at the port.Conclusion It would be of profound impact if a systematic and long term monitoring and sureillance could be conducted to prevent and control plague at the ports.