婴儿母乳喂养与学龄前肥胖症关系的病例对照研究

目的:探讨婴儿期母乳喂养行为与学龄前期单纯性肥胖症发生之间的关系,为预防儿童单纯性肥胖症提供理论依据。方法:对1800名青岛市和滨州市四五岁儿童的婴儿期母乳喂养情况及其体重指数(BMI)发育情况等进行调查,分析母乳喂养类型和持续时间与学龄前肥胖症发生之间的关系。结果:单因素分析发现4个月内只喂母乳、主要喂母乳、母乳与配方奶量基本相同、主要喂配方奶、只喂配方奶者四五岁时肥胖发生率分别为12.6%,13.0%,17.0%,18%,30%;儿童母乳喂养持续时间0,<1,1～3,4～6,7～9,9个月以上者四五岁时肥胖发生率分别为29%,30%,33%,17%,14%,12%。母乳喂养类型和持续时间不同的儿童学龄前期单纯性肥胖症发生率不同(χ2=10.407,P<0.05;χ2=20.903,P<0.001);多因素logistic回归分析发现4个月内喂配方奶量越多,肥胖发生率越高(OR=1.120,χ2=8.233,P<0.01),母乳喂养持续时间越长,肥胖发生越少(OR=0.782,χ2=6.609,P<0.05)。结论:婴儿母乳喂养对学龄前期肥胖症的发生有预防作用;婴儿期应提倡母乳喂养,并尽可能延长母乳喂养时间至9个月以上。

Relationship between infant breast feeding and simple obesity in preschool children:A case-control study

AIM:To explore the relation between infant breast feeding and simple obesity in preschool children,and provide theoretical evidence for preventing child simple obesity. METHODS:Eighteen hundred children aged 4- 5 from Qingdao and Binhai were chosen, their breast feeding types during infancy and BMI development were investigated.The relationship between infant breast feeding types and its duraton,and the occurrence of simple obesity in preschool children was analyzed. RESULTS:With single factor analysis,it was found that the occurrence rates of simple obesity in preschool children,whose feeding types in the first 4 months were breast feeding only,breast feeding mainly,both equally,formula feeding mainly,formula feeding only,were 12.6% ,13.0% ,17.0% ,18% and 30% respectively.The occurrence rates of simple obesity in preschool children,whose breast feeding duration were 0,< 1, 1- 3, 4- 6, 7- 9, >9 months,were 29% ,30% ,33% ,17% ,14% and 12% respectively.The occurrence rates of simple obesity in preschool children were different because of various breast feeding types and different durations(χ 2=10.407,P< 0.05;χ 2=20.903,P< 0.001).Multiple factor logistic regression analysis showed that the more formula milk was given during the first 4 months after birth, the more occurrence of obesity in the preschool children was(OR=1.120,χ 2=8.233,P< 0.01);the longer the duration of breast feeding was, the less the occurrence of obesity in preschool children was(OR=0.782,χ 2=6.604,P< 0.05). CONCLUSION: Infants who were fed more breast milk than formula milk,or who were breasted for longer periods,have a lower risk of being simple obesity during preschool period.Breast feeding should be strongly recommended and lasted for more than 9 months.