Prevalence and biochemical risk factors of diabetic peripheral neuropathy with or without neuropathic pain in Taiwanese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus |
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Authors: | Yen-wei Pai Ching-Heng Lin I-Te Lee Ming-Hong Chang |
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Institution: | 1. Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 1650, Taiwan Boulevard, Sec. 4, Taichung City 40705, Taiwan;2. Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 1650, Taiwan Boulevard, Sec. 4, Taichung City 40705, Taiwan;3. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 1650, Taiwan Boulevard, Sec. 4, Taichung City 40705, Taiwan;4. Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei City 112, Taiwan;5. Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, No.110, Sec.1, Jianguo N. Rd., Taichung City 40201, Taiwan;6. Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei City 112, Taiwan |
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Abstract: | AimsTo investigate the prevalence and risk factors for diabetic peripheral neuropathy with or without neuropathic pain in Taiwanese.MethodsA cross-sectional, hospital-based observational study was conducted. We enrolled 2837 adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy with or without pain were diagnosed using 2 validated screening tools, namely the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument and Douleur Neuropathique 4 questionnaire.ResultsIn our sample, 2233 participants had no neuropathy, 476 had diabetic peripheral neuropathy without pain, and 128 had diabetic peripheral neuropathy with neuropathic pain, representing an overall diabetic peripheral neuropathy prevalence of 21.3%, and the prevalence of neuropathic pain in diabetic peripheral neuropathy was 21.2%. Multivariate analysis revealed that older age (P < 0.001), treatment with insulin (P = 0.004), microalbuminuria (P = 0.001) or overt proteinuria (P < 0.001) were independently associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, whereas older age (P < 0.001), elevated glycated haemoglobin (P = 0.011), lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.033), and overt proteinuria (P < 0.001) were independently associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy with neuropathic pain.ConclusionsDuring clinical visits involving biochemical studies, the risk for diabetic peripheral neuropathy with neuropathic pain should be considered for people with older age, elevated glycated haemoglobin, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and overt proteinuria, with particular attention given to increased levels of albuminuria while concerning neuropathic pain. |
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Keywords: | Diabetes mellitus Diabetic peripheral neuropathy Neuropathic pain Prevalence Risk factor |
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