基于时间干涉无创神经调控方法研究进展

时间干涉（TI）是一种新型的无创伤神经调控方法，可以应用于中枢及外周神经系统等部位，产生局部效应。尽管TI的刺激效果已经得到证实，但因其聚焦性、刺激深度和调节机制等尚不完全清楚，因此近年来成为无创刺激领域的研究热门。TI是通过两组流经组织的互不干扰的高频交变电流产生的频率差，改变作用区域神经元的活动，从而实现以无创方式调控刺激区域神经功能的目的。TI从提出到现在，具有诸多方面的研究，如磁感应TI、交流刺激的干扰刺激、经颅直流刺激的脉冲交叉策略等。本文从TI无创刺激方法的原理、聚焦性及其应用等几个方面综述TI刺激方法的最近进展，指出TI刺激目前存在的问题及挑战，最后，对TI无创神经调控方法的研究趋势和方向进行展望。

Advances in noninvasive neuromodulation methods based on temporally interfering electric fields

Abstract: Temporally interfering electric fields (TI) is a novel non-invasive neuromodulation method that can be applied to produce effects of locality in the central and peripheral nervous system. Although the stimulation effect of TI has been proven, its focality, stimulation depth and modulation mechanism still remain unclear. Therefore, TI has become one of the research hotspots in non-invasive stimulation in recent years. TI changes the activity of neurons in the action area through the frequency difference generated by two groups of non-interference high-frequency alternating current flowing through the tissues, so as to achieve the non-invasive regulation of nerve function in the stimulation area. Up to now, TI has been studied in many aspects, such as magnetic induction TI, alternating current interference, pulse crossover strategy of transcranial direct current stimulation, etc. Herein the advances in TI non-invasive neuromodulation methods are discussed from the aspects of its principle, focality and applications and the existing problems and challenges of TI stimulation are pointed out and finally, an outlook on the research trends and directions of TI non-invasive neuromodulation methods is provided.