基于稳健最小方差的高强度聚焦超声被动空化成像及其在损伤监测中的优势分析

基于现有的高强度聚焦超声（HIFU）临床治疗系统，将被动空化检测和被动空化成像技术联合应用于HIFU治疗的术中监控，研究一种基于声空化现象的损伤监控策略。该HIFU治疗监控方法首先采用空化检测的手段，包括监测空化信号均方根值和惯性空化剂量，来确定空化阈值，并使用稳健最小方差法对空化发生的位置和强度进行定位成像。实验结果表明，在仿体和离体条件下，根据空化活动映射图能够很好地洞悉靶区的治疗状况。本研究重点验证了基于空化现象的被动监控方法在一定程度上可以消除因靶点偏出超声成像平面而造成的监控失效问题，证明该方法在本质上优于基于超声影像的主动监控方法。因此，基于空化现象的聚焦超声监控技术可改善监控灵敏度和可靠性，将有望提高临床治疗的安全性和有效性。

HIFU passive cavitation imaging based on robust minimum variance and its advantages in damage monitoring

Abstract: Based on the existing high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) clinical treatment system, passive cavitation detection and passive cavitation imaging technology are combined for the intraoperative monitoring of HIFU therapy, aiming to explore a damage monitoring strategy based on acoustic cavitation. The monitoring method adopts cavitation detection means to determine the cavitation threshold through the monitoring of the root mean square of cavitation signal and inertial cavitation dose, and uses robust minimum variance method to locate and image the location and intensity of cavitation. The experimental results show that under the conditions of in vitro and ex vivo, the treatment response in the target area can be well understood according to the cavitation activity map. In addition, the study focuses on verifying that the passive monitoring method based on cavitation phenomenon can eliminate the monitoring failures caused by the target deviating from the ultrasonic imaging plane to a certain extent, and proving that the proposed method is essentially superior to the active monitoring method based on ultrasonic images. The focused ultrasound monitoring technology based on cavitation phenomenon can improve the monitoring sensitivity and reliability, and it is expected to improve the safety and efficiency of clinical treatment.