南海官兵驻岛礁细菌分布及抗菌药物敏感性研究

目的了解我国南海驻岛官兵所生活岛礁的细菌种类、分布情况,以及细菌对抗菌药物的敏感性。方法无菌采集上岛1个月后人体皮肤、生活用品、厨房餐具、驻礁地表面和岛上空气样本,经增菌培养、细菌分离,进行细菌学鉴定和药敏试验。结果 120份样本分离出细菌27种124株;其中弧菌科细菌73株（58.9%）,肠杆菌科细菌27株（21.8%）,非发酵菌11株（8.9%）,革兰阳性球菌6株（4.8%）,厌氧菌2株（1.6%）。药敏结果显示,73株致病性弧菌对亚胺培南/西司他丁、头孢哌酮、阿莫西林/克拉维酸的敏感率为96.2%、88.5%、87.1%,对其它10种抗菌素的敏感率为85.9%～61.5%;27株肠杆菌对亚胺培南/西司他丁、头孢他啶、阿莫西林/克拉维酸的敏感率为92.6%、74.1%、74.1%,对其它10种抗菌素的敏感率为63.0%～40.7%;11株非发酵菌对亚胺培南/西司他丁、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、头孢他啶的敏感率为81.8%、72.7%、63.6%,对其它10种抗菌素的敏感率为54.6%～27.3%;革兰阳性菌对万古霉素、替考拉林、阿米卡星的敏感率为96.8%、93.5%、83.4%,对其它7种抗菌素的敏感率为50.5%～18.7%。结论南海某岛礁细菌分布以孤菌为主,但也进入大量陆地细菌,抗菌素敏感性与近海海水和陆地有所不同,为驻岛礁官兵细菌感染的防治提供了依据。

Distribution of Bacteria at Reef Island of South China Sea and Their Drug-Resistance

Objective To investigate the distribution of bacteria at Reef Island which the troops stationed on in South China Sea and their drug-resistance.Methods The samples from the surface of island,atmosphere,kitchen appliance,living goods and skin were collected,cultured and separated.The appreciation and drug sensitive test were carried.Results There were 27 kinds and 124 bacterial strains from 120 samples,in which included 73 bacterial strains of Vibrionaceae（58.9%）,27 bacterial strains of Enterobacteriaceae（21.8%）,11 bacterial strains of Nonfermenters（8.9%）,6 bacterial strains of gram positive coccus（4.8%）,2 bacterial strains of anaerobic bacteria（1.6%）.The drug sensitive test results showed that the Vibrionaceae was sensitive to Cilastatin（96.2%）,cefoperazone（88.5%）,amoxicillin（87.1%）;the Enterobacteriaceae was sensitive to Cilastatin（92.6%）,ceftazidime（74.1%）,amoxicillin（74.1%）;the Nonfermenters was sensitive to Cilastatin（81.8%）,amoxicillin（72.7%）,ceftazidime（63.6%）,the gram positive coccus was sensitive to vancocin（96.8%）,teicoplanin（93.5%）,Amikacin（83.4%）.Conclusion The Vibrionaceae was the main bacteria at Reef Island of South China Sea,while a lot of bacteria from inland were coexisted.The drug sensitivity to antibiotic are different from the bacterium from offshore area and inland.This study will provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infection in t the troops stationed on reef islands in South China Sea.