牙周病与早产及低体质量儿关系的临床研究

目的 探讨孕妇牙周状况与早产及低体质量儿的关系.方法 收集出现先兆早产的孕妇,选择其中出现早产或低体质量新生儿的孕妇50例为早产组,以同期来医院足月待产的孕妇50例为足月产组.所有产妇分娩前均进行全口牙周检查,记录菌斑指数(PLI)、牙石指数(CI)、牙龈出血指数(BI)、牙周探诊深度(PD)及临床附着丧失(CAL).检测2组孕妇外周血中炎症相关细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子α、前列腺素E2、基质金属蛋白酶-9和C反应蛋白的水平.将分娩孕周及新生儿体质量、牙周状况和外周血细胞因子水平分别做相关性分析.结果 与足月产组比较,早产组孕妇的牙周状况较差,PLI,BI,CI及牙周炎患病率均显著升高(P<0.05);孕妇的PLI,BI,CI及牙周炎患病率与分娩孕周及新生儿体质量呈负相关.早产组外周血中炎症相关细胞因子水平均显著高于足月产组;孕妇外周血中细胞因子水平与PLI,BI,CI和牙周炎患病率呈正相关,与分娩孕周及新生儿体质量呈负相关.结论 孕妇牙周状况与早产低体质量新生儿间可能存在一定的相关性;牙周状况对早产及低体质量儿的影响可能与外周血中炎症相关细胞因子的改变有关.

Correlation between Periodontal Disease and Premature and Low Birth Weight Infants

Objective To investigate the correlation between periodontal disease and premature and low birth weight infants in pregnant women.Methods One hundred pregnant women were enrolled and divided into control group and experimental group based on whether the new borns were premature or were with low birth weight.The plaque index (PLI),calculus index (CI),gingival bleeding index (BI),probing depth (PD),and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were recorded.And the peripheral blood levels of TNF-α,PGE2,MMP-9,and CRP were detected using enzyme-linked immunoassays.Correlation analysis between the pregnancy,low birth weight infants,periodontal status,and the peripheral blood cytokine in two groups were detected.Results Periodontal status in experimental group were worse than that of pregnant women in control group.The PLI,BI,CI,prevalence of periodontitis,and inflammatory cytokines level in peripheral blood in experimental group were higher than control group (P<0.05).And the PLI,BI,CI,and the prevalence of periodontitis in pregnant women were negatively correlated with premature and low birth weight infants.The inflammatory cytokines level in peripheral blood had positive correlation with the PLI,BI,CI,and the prevalence of periodontitis,but negative correlation with the premature and low birth weight infants.Conclusion There may be some kind of relationship between the periodontal diseases and premature,and low birth weight infants.The effect of periodontal diseases on premature and low birth weight infants may be related to the inflammation-related cytokines in peripheral blood.