乙型肝炎病毒相关性肾炎中Toll样受体4沉积特点及其意义

目的 观察HBV相关性肾炎(HBV-GN)患者肾组织Toll样受体4(TLR4)的表达及分布情况,探讨TLR4与HBV-GN肾组织病变及临床表现的关系.方法 采用免疫组化法检测经肾活检确诊的48例HBV-GN患者及154例非HBV-GN患者的肾组织标本,观察肾组织TLR4的分布特征,明确TLR4与HBsAg的分布关系,结合病史资料,统计并分析其与病理类型,肾小球、肾小管病变程度,肾间质炎性细胞浸润程度及血清HBV等临床指标之间的关系.结果 TLR4以棕红色颗粒状物主要沉积在HBV-GN组患者的肾小管及间质中,且与HBsAg的分布基本一致.HBV-GN组TLR4阳性率及阳性积分均高于非HBV-GN组(P＜0.05).在系膜增生性肾小球肾炎组、局灶节段性肾小球硬化症组TLR4阳性积分略高,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);肾小管病变程度与TLR4的表达显著相关(r =0.748,P＜0.001),且随肾小管萎缩、炎性细胞浸润及间质纤维化的程度加重而升高(r分别为0.577、0.684、0.569,P值均＜0.001),但与肾小球的病变程度无显著相关性(r=0.293,P=0.053).回归分析发现,TLR4表达随血压的升高、GFR的下降、高敏C反应蛋白的增加及24h尿蛋白定量的增多而增加(R2分别为0.869、0.784、0.979、0.615),其余临床指标均无统计学意义.结论 TLR4在HBV-GN肾组织中有异常表达,主要分布于肾小管上皮细胞及间质组织,其分布与HBsAg分布基本一致,表达水平与炎性细胞浸润、肾间质病变及肾功能变化密切相关.故推测,HBV-GN肾组织中的HBV可促进TLR4的异常表达,后者可能参与了HBV-GN的肾脏组织病变的进展.

Toll-like receptor 4 deposition and its significance in hepatitis B virus associated nephropathy

Objective To investigate the expression and distribution of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in renal tissue of HBV associated nephropathy (HBV-GN) and its role in the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of HBV-GN.Methods Renal tissues were sampled from 48 HBV-GN patients confirmed by renal biopsy and 154 non-HBV-GN patients.The distribution of TLR4 in renal tissue and the relationship between the distribution of TLR4 and HBsAg were detected by immunohistochemistry.Integrating case record,correlations between the expression of TLR4 with clinical parameters including pathology,glomeruli,kidney tubules lesions,renal interstitial inflammatory infiltration and blood serum HBV were analyzed.Results TLR4 mainly distributed in the renal tubular epithelial cells and interstitial areas as brownish red and granular,which was in consistent with HBsAg distribution.The TLR4 positive rate and score in HBV-GN group were higher than those in non-HBV-GN group (P ＜ 0.05 ).TLR4 positive score was slightly higher in mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis group and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis group,which had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Kidney tubules lesions were strongly associated with TLR4 expression (r =0.748,P ＜ 0.001 ) which increased with aggravation of renal interstitial fibrosis ( r =0.569,P ＜0.001 ),tubular atrophy ( r =0.577,P ＜ 0.001 ) and inflammatory cell infiltration ( r =0.684,P ＜0.001 ).No obvious correlation with glomeruli lesions was observed ( r =0.293,P =0.053 ).Negative correlation could be seen between TLR4 and the renal function ( R2 =0.784),systolic blood pressure ( R2 =0.869),high sensitivity C-reactive protein (R2 =0.979) and urinary protein (R2 =0.615 ) by regression analysis.Other clinical parameters had no statistical significances.Conclusions The expression of TLR4 is abnormal in the renal tissue of HBV-GN patients,mainly in renal tubular epithelial cells and interstitial,which is consistent with the distribution of HBsAg.Its intensity is closely related with renal interstitial lesions,renal function changes and inflammatory cell infiltration.A speculation,that HBV can promote abnormal expression of TLR4 in renal tissues of HBV-GN which may be involved in the lesion progress of HBV-GN,is made upon our study.