非ACTH依赖性双侧肾上腺大结节增生患者的临床特点分析

目的 探讨非ACTH依赖性双侧肾上腺大结节增生(AIMAH)患者的临床特点.方法 回顾性分析1998年至2010年解放军总医院内分泌科收治并确诊的18例非ACTH依赖性双侧肾上腺大结节增生患者的临床资料.结果 (1) AIMAH患者男女比例1∶1,平均就诊年龄(51.4±10.7)岁,平均病程(9.9±2.7)年；(2)部分患者因体检意外发现肾上腺占位就诊；高血压、糖代谢异常最常见,满月脸、向心性肥胖等典型的库欣综合征(CS)体征较少见；(3)实验室检查示患者均为非ACTH依赖性CS,部分患者具备亚临床CS的特点；24 h动态血ACTH、皮质醇水平监测能全面、清晰显示部分AIMAH患者亚临床库欣综合征的特点；外源性ACTH能刺激皮质醇的显著分泌；(4)CT显示双侧肾上腺结节样增生改变,结节直径多在1.0～3.5cm；(5)病理显示肾上腺组织结节样增生；(6)双侧肾上腺切除治疗效果较好,单侧切除效果不佳.结论 AIMAH为库欣综合征的独立少见类型,部分患者表现为亚临床库欣综合征,非ACTH依赖性及双侧肾上腺结节样增生为该病最重要的临床特点.

A study on clinical features of ACTH-independent bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia

Objective To study the clinical features of patients with ACTH-independent bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia(AIMAH).Methods Eighteen cases with AIMAH diagnosed in Chinese PLA General Hospital from 1998 to 2010 were analyzed retrospectively.Results ( 1 ) AIMAH was equally distributed between genders,mean age at diagnosis was ( 51.4 ± 10.7 ) years,and average course was ( 9.9:t:2.7 ) years.( 2 )Most patients visited hospital because of adrenal incidentaloma; hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance/diabetes mellitius were the most common clinical presentations; typical signs of Cushing′s syndrome (CS) such as moon face and central obesity were less frequent.( 3 ) All cases′ laboratory findings met the diagnostic criteria of ACTH-independent CS,some cases with the features of subclinical CS.24 h dynamic plasma ACTH and cortisol monitoring had the advantage of revealing the features of subclinical CS for some AIMAH cases; there was remarkable elevation of plasma cortisol after exogenous ACTH stimulation in AIMAH patients.(4) Bilateral adrenal macronodular changes could be visualized on CT scan.( 5 ) Pathology identified bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia.( 6 ) Bilateral adrenalectomy was the most useful treatment.Conclusions AIMAH is an infrequent cause of CS,and some patients present subclinical CS.Its marked clinical feature is ACTH-independent bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia.