株洲市食品微生物污染情况分析

目的了解株洲市食品卫生质量状况,掌握其微生物污染的特点。方法使用国家标准检验方法和卫生标准对2005-2007年市级抽检和送检食品进行微生物检测和评价。结果 2005-2007年共检测食品11类,食品4273份,合格3814份,总合格率为89.26%;各年度间合格率差异无统计学意义（χ^2=8.30,P〉0.01）,其中送检食品合格率明显高于抽检食品合格率,两者差异有统计学意义（χ^2=27.08,P〈0.005）;各类食品中以腊制食品和乳及乳制品合格率为最高,分别为98.31%和97.97%。冷冻饮品及凉拌卤菜的合格率最低,分别为59.32%和74.55%,11类食品间合格率差异有统计学意义（χ^2=309.05,P〈0.005）;微生物检测指标间差异亦有统计学意义（χ^2=535.10,P〈0.005）,菌落总数合格率最低,为90.35%。结论不同种类食品受微生物污染程度有所不同,应重点加强对冷冻饮品、凉拌卤菜、瓶（桶）装饮用水、糕点、休闲食品等的卫生监测管理。

Analysis of Food Microbial Pollution in Zhuzhou from 2005 to 2007

Objective To know the food hygienic condition and the features of microbial pollution in Zhuzhou.Methods The submitted and random sampled food produced in Zhuzhou from 2005 to 2007 was selected to perform microbiological testing and conduct evaluation by using the national food hygienic standards and the national measuring methods.Results Altogether 11 kinds of food had been tested from 2005 to 2007,including 4,237 food samples.Among them,3,814 samples were eligible,with the total passing rate of 89.26%.No statistically significant difference was found in the passing rate of each year （χ^2=8.30,P〈0.01）.Among all the tested food,the passing rate of the submitted samples was significantly higher than that of the random sampled ones （χ^2=27.08,P〈0.005）.The sauced and baked food and dairy products had the highest passing rates,with the rates of 98.31% and 97.97%,respectively.Cold drinks and cold dishes had the lowest passing rates,with the rates of 59.32% and 74.55%,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the passing rate and the indexes of microbiological testing among 11 kinds of food （χ^2=309.05,P0.005;χ^2=535.10,P〈0.005）.The passing rate of total microbial count was the lowest （90.35%）.Conclusions Different kinds of food have different degrees of microbiological pollution.Emphasis should be placed on the hygienic monitoring and administration on cold and frozen food,cold dishes,bottled （bucketed） drinkable water,flour confectionery,leisure food,etc.