公路养护女职工生殖系统患病状况调查分析

目的了解贵州省公路养护女职工生殖系统患病情况及影响因素。方法采用整群普查法,对2009-2012年贵州省9个地区公路道班3650名在职和退休已婚女职工进行妇科检查、宫颈刮片细胞学检查、盆腔超声检查等资料进行统计总结。结果①患有生殖系统疾病2035人,总患病率为55.75%,其中,宫颈炎为40.20%,阴道炎为24.32%,附件炎为7.62%,子宫肌瘤为6.19%,宫颈息肉为6.49%,老年性阴道炎为6.09%,外阴疾病为3.10%,宫体炎为2.65%,盆腔炎为1.76%,卵巢囊肿为1.57%。②在职女职工占患病率为42.44%,退休女职工患病率为13.32%。③各地区在职女职工患病率以铜仁最高为58.03%,其次为遵义占55.50%;退休女职工以黔南患病率最高,为29.65%。在职女职工主要以宫颈炎、阴道炎、附件炎多见,退休女职工主要以老年性阴道炎、阴道炎多见。④对宫颈细胞学检查行统计,阳性结果 28例,阳性率为0.77%,其中,毕节地区15例,占53.57%,贵阳地区7例,占25.00%。病理活检确诊宫颈癌9例,患病率为0.25%,其中,毕节地区7例,占77.78%。结论公路养护女职工生殖系统患病有区域分布特点和在职与非在职分布侧重性。毕节地区公路养护女工宫颈癌发生率较高,需要进一步查明原因并有针对性的制定和实施预防保健和干预措施。

Investigation and analysis of reproductive system disease among highway maintenance female workers

Objective To investigate the prevalence of reproductive tract disease and influence factors among married highway maintenance female workers in Guizhou Province.Methods Cluster survey method was used.Data of gynecologic examination,cervical smear cytological examination,pelvic ultrasound were collected among 3650 on-the-job and retired highway maintenance female workers in 9 districts of Guizhou province from 2009 to 2012.Results ①A total of 2035 cases of female suffered with reproductive system disease,the incidence of reproductive system disease was 55.75%,among which,the incidence of cervicitis was 40.20%,colpitis was 24.32%,appendagitis was 7.62%,hysteromyoma was 6.19%,cervical polyp was 6.49%,senile vaginitis was 6.09%,disease of vulva was 3.10%,body of uterus phlegmasia was 2.65%,pelvic inflammation was 1.76%,ovarian cyst was 1.57%.②The incidence of reproductive system disease in on-the-job female was 42.44%,which in the retired female was 13.32%.③The incidence of reproductive system disease among on-the-job female was the highest in Tongren region,accounted for 58.03%,fol lowed by Zunyi region,accounted for 55.50%.The incidence of reproductive system disease among retired female was the highest Qiannan region,accounted for 29.65%.Cervicitis,vaginitis,annex inflammation were the most common dis eases in on-the-job female workers,while,senile vaginitis,vaginitis were the most common diseases in retired female workers.④Results of cervical cytological examination showed that 28 cases had positive results,the positive rate was 0.767%,among which,15 cases in Bijie region,accounted for 53.57%,7 cases in Guiyang region,accounted for 25.00%.Biopsy results showed that 9 cases had cervical cancer,with the incidence of 0.247%,among which,7 cases in Bijie region,accounted for 77.78%.Conclusion The reproductive system disease of highway maintenance female workers has regional distribution characteristics and distribution focuses on on-the-job and retired workers.The inci dence of cervical cancer in Bijie region was higher,which should investigate the cause,target the formulation and im plement preventive care and interventions.