Conners量表在儿童铅暴露与行为效应研究中的应用

目的 寻找反映个体长期铅暴露水平的指标及特异的行为效应指标。方法 选取铅工业污染区１￣４年级学生９８名为暴露组,非污染区学生１００名为对照组,测定血铅,发铅,锌卟啉以评估铅暴露水平,采用高效液相色谱法－电化学法联检测定尿中高香草酸和香草扁桃酸的浓度,采用Ｃｏｎｎｅｒｓ量表评定铅暴露儿童的行为效应。结果 暴露组血铅,发铅和锌卟啉水平增高,分别平均为２．３９￣２．４２μｍｏｌ／Ｌ,８１．８１￣８３．７

Application of Conners Rating Scales in the study of lead exposure and behavioral effects in children

OBJECTIVE: To seek specific indices reflecting individual level of long-term exposure to lead and its behavioral effects. METHODS: Ninety-eight children of grades one to four in primary schools in the areas polluted by lead were chosen as exposed group and 100 children from areas without lead pollution as control group. Levels of blood lead, hair lead and blood zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) in both groups were determined to evaluate their exposure to lead. Their urinary homovanillic acid (HVA) and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) were determined by a method combined high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electric chemistry (EC) technique. Behavioral effects in children exposed to lead were assessed by Conners' Rating Scales for Teachers and Parents. RESULTS: Levels of blood lead, hair lead and blood ZPP in the exposed group increased to 2.39-2.42 mumol/L, 81.81-83.77 mumol/kg and 0.55-0.65 mumol/L in average, respectively, and levels of HVA and VMA decreased to 0.53 mmol/mol creatinine and 0.68 mmol/mol creatinine in average, respectively, both with a very significant difference as compared with those in the control group. There were significant differences in the scores of behavioral factors between the two groups. Factors I, IV and VI in Conners' Parents' Rating Scales correlated positively with levels of hair lead, while factors I, II, IV and VI correlated positively with blood ZPP levels in girls. CONCLUSION: Conners' Rating Scales for Teachers and Parents can be used to assess their behavioral effects in children, and levels of hair lead and blood lead can be used as good markers to reflect level of exposure to lead in children.