综合重症监护病房院内感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的 了解中心重症监护病房院内感染流行病学特点及细菌耐药性情况.方法 对本院中心重症监护病房2006年8月至2008年8月所分离致病菌的菌群分布及其耐药情况进行回顾性分析.结果 重症监护病房中共有214例发生院内感染,院内感染率为23.86%.共分离出致病菌493株,以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占58.01%,其中比例最高的为鲍曼不动杆菌(19.27%),其次为铜绿假单胞菌(8.92%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(6.90%).革兰阳性球菌占38.54%,比例最高为金黄色葡萄球菌(12.58%).真菌占3.45%.结论 革兰阴性杆菌仍为重症监护病房院内感染主要病原菌,其中非发酵菌比例较高,且呈现多重耐药趋势.合理使用抗生素,尽快完善各项病原学检查,减少高危因素并制定有效的防治措施显得更加重要.

Pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance analysis of nosocomial infection in intensive care unit

Objective To review the epidemiology characteristic and bacterial drug resistance of nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit.Methods The distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated from August 2006 to August 2008 in the intensive care unit were retrospectively analyzed.Results 214 patients(23.86 %) suffered from nosocomial infection.Among 493isolated strains, the main pathogenic bacteria were gram negative bacilli (58.01%).The proportion of Acinetobacter baumannii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 19.27 %, 8.92 % and 6.90 %, respectively.In gram positive cocci(38.54%), Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 12.58 %.The rate of fungi infection was 3.45%.Conclusions Gram negative bacilli, especially the non-zymophyte,is still the main pathogenic bacteria in the intensive care unit.Moreover, the pathogenic bacteria are multidrug-resistant.Therefore, it is more important to administrate antibiotic rationally, fulfill etiology detection as soon as possible, decrease high risk factors ,and establish effective prevention and treatment.