航天工作者偏头痛患病率及相关因素分析

目的:调查航天工作者的偏头痛患病率及临床特征,探讨航天工作者偏头痛的危险因素,并为偏头痛的防治提供有效策略。方法:采取分层随机整群抽样的方法,对1 200名航天工作者进行头痛问卷调查,问卷内容包括人口统计学资料、头痛诊断问题、睡眠质量。结果:136例符合偏头痛诊断标准,患病率为12.3%;先兆偏头痛52例(38.2%),无先兆偏头痛84例(61.8%);平均年龄(33±10.72)岁;男性46例(33.8%),女性90例(66.2%);大学以上学历占比最高(92.6%);疼痛部位为单侧86例(63.2%),搏动性62例(45.6%);发作时间为4～72 h 88例(64.7%);中重度112例(72.3%);伴随症状出现畏声64例(47.1%),恶心59例(43.3%);活动加重头痛86例(63.2%);诱发因素中睡眠缺乏99例(72.8%)。单因素分析显示,不同性别、职业类型、睡眠质量组间偏头痛的分布存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,女性、睡眠质量差者患偏头痛的风险较高(P<0.05)。结论:航天工作者偏头痛患病率较高,性别(女)和睡眠障碍是其主要危险因素。

Prevalence and Related Factors of Migraine in Aerospace Workers

To investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of migraine in aerospace workers, explore the risk factors of migraine, and provide effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of migraine. Methods: A total of 1200 aerospace workers were investigated by stratified random cluster sampling andsurveyed using a questionnaire of content including demographic data, headache diagnosis question, and sleepquality. Results: 136 cases met the diagnostic criteria of migraine, and the prevalence rate was 12.3%. Amongthese there were 52 cases (38.2%) of migraine with aura and 84 cases (61.8%) of migraine without aura. The average age was (33±10.72) years. There were 46 males (33.8%) and 90 females (66.2%). The majority of patients(92.6%) possessed a college education. There were 86 cases (63.2%) with unilateral pain and 62 cases (45.6%)with pulsatile pain. Duration of attack was 4-72 hours in 88 cases (64.7% ), and moderately severe cases numbered 112 (72.3%). 64 cases (47.1%) were accompanied by symptoms of phonophobia. 59 patients (43.3%) experienced nausea, and 86 patients (63.2%) had headaches which were aggravated by activity. Lack of sleep was theinducing factor in 99 cases (72.8%). Univariate analysis showed significant difference in the distribution of migraine among different sex, occupation type, and sleep quality groups (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regressionshowed that being female and poor sleep quality resulted in significantly increased risk for migraines (P<0.05).Conclusion: Migraine has high prevalence in aerospace workers; gender (female) and sleep disorders areamong the main risk factors.