The effect of carbenoxolone on hippocampal formation theta rhythm in rats: In vitro and in vivo approaches |
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| Authors: | Renata Bocian Anna Posłuszny Tomasz Kowalczyk Henryk Gołębiewski Jan Konopacki |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States;2. Neuroscience Research Unit, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, United States;3. Mnemosyne Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Providence, RI 02903, United States;4. Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States;1. Children’s Mercy, Division of Child Neurology, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA;2. Children’s Mercy, Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kansas City, MO, USA;1. Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China;2. Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, the Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;3. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Anesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China |
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| Abstract: | The role of gap junction (GJ) coupling in the generation of hippocampal formation theta rhythm was investigated in vitro, with use of brain slices, and in vivo, with use of urethane anesthetized rats. Carbenoxolone, the succinyl ester of glycyrrhetinic acid, and GJ blocker reversibly abolished hippocampal formation theta rhythm recorded in slice preparations and urethane anesthetized rats. The present study yielded novel data which demonstrated that the pattern of delay in blockage of theta rhythm after carbenoxolone treatment, and the pattern of theta recovery after administration of this agent, require a specific time period (2–3 h for delay and 8–12 h for recovery), one that can be demonstrated using different experimental protocols. |
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