妊娠合并轻型地中海贫血的筛查及妊娠结局的回顾性分析

目的:探讨妊娠合并轻型地中海贫血筛查的方法及意义,以及对妊娠结局的影响。方法:选择5年间系统产前检查并住院分娩的孕妇资料共5 431例,回顾性分析孕期轻型地贫筛查方法、异常妊娠史的发生率及妊娠结局的差异。结果:5 431例患者中,地贫组2 4 1例,占4 .4 %。地贫组红细胞平均体积(MCV)及平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)明显低于非地贫组和对照组(P <0 . 0 1) ,而RBC计数明显高于后两组(P <0 0 1)。地贫组和非地贫组的异常妊娠发生率明显高于对照组(P <0 . 0 1)。地贫组和非地贫组的剖宫产率、早产率明显高于对照组(P <0 . 0 5 ) ,3组间新生儿体重的平均值无显著性差异(P >0 .0 5 )。结论:检测MCV、RBC计数可作为筛查轻型地贫的指标,轻型地贫患者能够妊娠至足月并分娩,但胎儿宫内生长发育会受一定的不利影响,应加强产前检查。

A Review of Screening and outcome of Thalassaemia Trait in Pregnant Women

Objective: To evaluate the value of the screening methods and the outcome of Thalassaem ia Trait in pregnant women. Methods: 5431 pregnant Women a t antenatal examination were undergone screening Hb, RBC, HCV, and hemoglobin el ecophoresis. According to the results, they were divided into three groups: 241 cases in thalassaem ia group, 312 cases in non-thalassaemia group, and 4878 cas es in normal group, and were compared their incidence of abnormal pregnanant his tory and pregnant outcome. Results: In thalassaem ia gro up, MCV and MCH were significantly lower and RBC was higher than those of the ot her two groups (P<0.01). The occurrences of abnormal pregnant history and cesarean section in normal gro up were significantly lower than that in the other two groups (P<0.05). Ther e was no significant difference in neonatal body weight among three groups. (P >0.05). Conclusions: Screening MCV and RBC may be the marker of thalassaemia trait in pregnant women, and thalassaem ia trait in pregnant women can affect the fetal d evelopment.