免疫固定电泳技术在多发性骨髓瘤单克隆免疫球蛋白检测中的应用

目的探讨应用免疫固定电泳技术检测多发性骨髓瘤单克隆免疫球蛋白(M蛋白)的意义。方法采用琼脂糖凝胶免疫固定电泳技术检测261份临床送检血清和尿液,其中76例为多发性骨髓瘤患者。结果76例多发性骨髓瘤患者血清M蛋白阳性76例,阳性率为100%;尿本周蛋白阳性53例,阳性率为70%。17例血清M蛋白为轻链型患者尿本周蛋白阳性率为94%。185例非多发性骨髓瘤患者均未检出M带。结论免疫固定电泳检测M蛋白的技术对诊断多发性骨髓瘤具有高度的敏感性和特异性,是M蛋白定性和分型的首选方法。

Clinical value of M protein detection using immunofixation electrophoresis in multiple myeloma

Objective To investigate the clinical value of M protein detection using immunofixation elec- trophoresis in multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Methods M protein in 261 serum or urine samples (including those from 76 MM patients) was detected using immunofixation electrophoresis. Results M protein was detected in 100% of serum samples and 68% (53/76) of urine samples from MM patients. Among 17 patients who tested positive only for light chain M protein in the serum, urine M proteins was also positive in 94% of the cases. None of the 185 non MM patients showed M protein. Conclusion Immunofixation electrophoresis can be a highly sensitive and specific ap- proach for M protein detection and typing in MM patients.