视网膜神经纤维层缺损与系统性及中枢神经系统疾病的关系

视网膜神经纤维层缺损（retinal nerve fiber layer defect,RNFLD）可分为局限性和弥漫性两种类型.长期以来,RNFLD一直被认为是青光眼的特征性表现,近年来的研究发现,其也常见于因系统性或眼局部血流动力学异常所致的疾病以及其他中枢性神经系统异常所致的疾病中.病因不同,RNFLD的部位、表现也不尽一致,观察RNFLD的特征有可能为系统性或中枢神经系统性疾病的评估提供新的参考指标.

The relationship between retinal nerve fiber layer defect and systemic diseases

Retinal nerve fiber layer defect （RNFLD）,including localized and diffuse RNFLD,is believed to be a characteristic feature of glaucoma and an important clue for the detection of early glaucoma.However,RNFLD does not always equate to a diagnosis of glaucoma.It can also be induced by systemic or ocular vascular accidents or some other central nervous systemic （CNS） disease,such as hypertension,nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy,multiple sclerosis,and so on.For those systemic or CNS diseases,there are strong correlations between RNFLD and visual field loss,which makes it possible to use RN-FLD to indicate the severity of the diseases.With recent advances in ocular imaging technology such as OCT,RNFL thickness measurement could potentially be used to evaluate ganglion cell loss in patients with systemic or CNS diseases,and might be used to detect damage and follow-up of these patients.