远洋船舶生活饮用水的现状调查与研究

目的为了掌握上海港远洋船舶的饮用水卫生状况,保障船员饮水安全,保护船员身体健康,探索影响船舶饮用水水质的因素。方法在上海港采集远洋船舶装载的饮用水样本分别进行理化分析和微生物检测,研究不同供水方式、不同船龄的船舶饮用水的各项微生物指标和金属指标,通过分析并进行讨论。结果共采集了159艘远洋船舶的水样样本,其微生物指标的合格率为85.53%,金属指标的合格率为76.73%。说明上海港远洋船舶饮用水的水质存在一些卫生学问题。通过统计学分析,尚不能确定船舶自制的饮用水与码头供应的饮用水在微生物阳性率和金属指标数值的总体概率有所不同(P>0.1),但不同船龄(0～10年,11～20年,21年以上)的船舶饮用水的微生物阳性率和金属指标数值的组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论船龄越小,饮用水的卫生状况就越好。船龄指标提示了作为今后船舶饮用水监督的快速判定标准之一,对于保障船员饮水安全、保护船员身体健康具有十分重要的意义。

Investigation and study on status of drinking water of ocean ships

Objective To unelerstand the health status of drinking water on the ocean ships at Shanghai harbour,to protect the crews from unsafe drinking water,to explore what affects the quality of drinking water on the ocean ships. Methods The samples of drinking water on the ocean ships at Shanghai harbor were collected for the physical/chemical analysis and microbiological testing,and each microbiological indicators and metal indicators of different ways of water supplying and different ships'age were studied and a...