全身麻醉气管插管患者术后肺炎发生的影响因素

目的:探讨全身麻醉气管插管患者术后肺炎发生的影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2017年3月至2021年3月该院采取全身麻醉气管插管的238例手术患者的临床资料,根据患者术后是否发生肺炎分为肺炎组和非肺炎组,收集两组患者的临床资料,对导致全身麻醉气管插管患者术后肺炎发生的影响因素进行单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果:238例全身麻醉气管插管患者中,术后发生肺炎31例,发生率为13.0%;单因素分析结果显示,肺炎组的年龄、体质量指数、吸烟史、糖尿病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、急诊手术、低蛋白血症、手术时间与非肺炎组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);肺炎组的性别、饮酒史、高血压、心功能分级、ASA分级、贫血、插胃管、肝功能异常、肾功能异常、术中出血量、手术部位与非肺炎组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、体质量指数、吸烟史、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、急诊手术、低蛋白血症、手术时间均为影响全身麻醉气管插管患者术后肺炎发生的独立危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论:年龄、体质量指数、吸烟史、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、急诊手术、低蛋白血症、手术时间均为影响全身麻醉气管插管患者术后肺炎发生的独立危险因素。

Influencing factors of postoperative pneumonia in patients with tracheal intubation under general anesthesia

Objective:To explore influencing factors of postoperative pneumonia in patients with tracheal intubation under general anesthesia.Methods:The clinical data of 238 patients with tracheal intubation under general anesthesia in our hospital from March 2017 to March 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.These patients were divided into pneumonia group and non-pneumonia group according to whether pneumonia occurred after the surgery.The general clinical data of the two groups were collected.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were performed on the influencing factors of postoperative pneumonia in these patients.Results:Among the 238 patients with tracheal intubation under general anesthesia,31 patients developed pneumonia after the surgery,and the incidence rate was 13.03%.Univariate analysis showed that there no statistical differences in age,body mass index,smoking history,diabetes,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,emergency surgery,hypoproteinemia,and operation time between the pneumonia group and the non-pneumonia group(P<0.05).However,there were no significant differences in gender,drinking history,hypertension,cardiac function classification,ASA classification,anemia,gastric tube intubation,abnormal liver function,abnormal renal function,intraoperative blood loss,and surgical site between the pneumonia group and the non-pneumonia group(P>0.05).Further,Logistic regression analysis showed that age,body mass index,smoking history,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,emergency surgery,hypoproteinemia,and operation time were the independent risk factors for postoperative pneumonia in the patients with tracheal intubation under general anesthesia(OR>1,P<0.05).Conclusions:Age,body mass index,smoking history,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,emergency surgery,hypoproteinemia,and operation time are the independent risk factors for postoperative pneumonia in the patients with tracheal intubation under general anesthesia.