儿童哮喘与气道重塑的研究进展

儿童支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）严重威胁儿童健康，其发病率在全世界范围内有增高趋势。气道炎症和气道重塑是哮喘的两个主要病理学特征，而气道重塑是影响哮喘疗效的重要因素之一。糖皮质激素是目前作用最强、应用最广泛的抗哮喘药物，也是目前预防气道重塑的首选药物。早期吸入激素及口服白三烯受体拮抗剂等可能有助于气道重塑的预防，但是不能逆转已形成的气道重塑，所以早期诊断及干预气道重塑的发生是儿童哮喘防治的关键。

Research Progress of Airway Remodeling in Children with Asthma

Bronchial asthma is one of the main diseases endangering children’s health and the number of patients with asthma is continuously growing these years.Airway inflammation and airway remodeling are the two main pathological characteristics,while the latter is an important factor effecting asthmatic curative effect.Currently glucocorticoid is the most widely used anti-asthma drugs and is the first choice for the prevention of airway remodeling.Early treatment with glucocorticoid and cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist may help to prevent airway remodeling,but could not reverse airway remodeling that already formed.Early reveal and intervene of airway remodeling are the keys to prevention and treatment of asthma in children.