Placental transfer of maternal rubella antibodies to full-term and preterm infants |
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Authors: | N Linder MD L Sirota MD Y Aboudy B German MD T Lifshits MD B S Barnea BSc B Lieberman MD E Mendelson PhD A Barzilai MD |
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Institution: | (1) Dept. of Neonatology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, 14 Kaplan St., 49202 I-Petah Tikva;(2) Dept. of Pediatrics, Tel Hashomer and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel;(3) Central Virology Laboratory, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel |
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Abstract: | Summary Premature infants are vulnerable to infections, partly because of the low transplacental transfer of maternal antibodies.
The present study investigated the placental transfer of maternal rubella-specific antibodies to full-term and preterm infants.
The study group consisted of 133 healthy, native Israeli mothers and their 159 newborns. Of these, 69 were full-term infants
(gestational age >37 weeks) of 69 mothers, and 90 were preterm infants (gestational age <35 weeks) of 64 mothers. Antibody
titers against rubella were measured in maternal and umbilical cord blood samples by hemagglutination inhibition and microneutralization
techniques. There was no significant difference in the level of protection and in geometrical mean titers by hemagglutination
between the full-term and preterm groups. Conversely, significant differences in geometric mean titers of neutralizing antibodies
were found between full-term and preterm infants, e.g., 65.9 and 39.8, respectively (P<0.001). Very low birth weight preterm
infants are at greater risk of rubella infection during the first year of life, due to the diminished transfer of neutralizing
maternal antibodies. Therefore, earlier vaccination of this group may be beneficial. |
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