梭曼中毒大鼠脂质过氧化损伤及抗氧化剂的作用

目的 以大鼠血清乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)活力变化为梭曼(soman)中毒程度指标，研究维生素A和维生素E对急性中毒大鼠的血清、大脑和肝脏组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)和总抗氧化力(T—AoC)的影内，探讨抗氧化剂维生素A和维生素E对梭曼中毒大鼠AChE及脂质过氧化损伤的保护作用。方法 雄性大鼠40只，按体重随机分为阴性对照组、阳性对照组、维生素A组、维生素E组。阴性对照组和阳性对照组每日灌胃5ml/kg的菜籽油；维生素A组每日灌胃2ml/kg的维生素A；维生素E组每日灌胃2．5ml/kg的维生素E，共灌胃9d。第10日除阴性对照组外其余各组大鼠均皮下注射0．9LD50梭曼，2h后断头处死并取样。测定大鼠血清、大脑、肝脏的T—AOC、SOD和NOS及血清AChE活力。结果 梭曼中毒2h后，血清乙酰胆碱酷酶(AChE)及血清、大脑、肝脏组织中SOD活力和T—AoC水平下降，NOS活力提高；维生素A和维生素E均能提高SOD、T—AOC和AChE活力，而降低NOS活力。结论 经皮下注射0．9LD50梭曼可引起AChE活力显著下降，表明大鼠已严重中毒，中毒时伴有明显的脂质过氧化损伤。中毒前大鼠用维生素A和维生素E预处理，能够保护AChE活力，降低NOS活力，减少N0自由基的生成，同时，提高SOD、T—AoC水平。提示维生素A和维生素E对梭曼中毒有较好的预防作用。

Lipid peroxidative injury induced by soman in acute poisoning rats and effects of antioxidants

Objective To study the effects of vit A and vit E on superoxide dismutase(SOD),nitric oxide synthase(NOS) activity and total antioxidative capacity(T\|AOC) in serum,cerebrums and liver of Soman poisoned rats by observing the change of acetylcholinesterase(AChE),and discuss the effects of antioxidation of Vit.A and Vit.E against lipid peroxidative injury induced by Soman.Methods Forty male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:negative control group,positive control group,Vit.A group,Vit.E group.Rats in negative and positive group were intubated with 5ml/kg colza oil per day;Rats in Vit.A group received 2 ml/kg Vit.A and Rats in Vit.E group received 2\^5 ml/kg Vit.E;After 9 d,all rats were given 0\^9 LD 50 Soman by hypodermic injection except negative group.After 2 h,the rats were terminated by decapitation.AChE,NOS and T\|AOC activity in serum,cerebrums and liver were determined respectively.Results AChE,SOD and T\|AOC activity in serum,cerebrums and liver of Soman poisoned rats decreased and NOS activity increased after Soman poisoned for 2 h.But AChE,SOD and T\|AOC activity increased and NOS activity decreased in Vit.A and Vit.E group.Conclusion There is a significant decrease of AChE activity and increase of lipid peroxidative injury induced by 0\^9 LD 50 Soman through hypodermic injection.Vit.A and Vit.E can increase activities of AChE,SOD and T\|AOC and decrease activities of NOS.It is suggested that Vit.A and Vit.E take protective effect against the injury induced by Soman in rats.