妊娠晚期孕妇B族链球菌筛查结果分析

目的：探讨妊娠晚期孕妇产前筛查B族链球菌（GBS）感染的临床价值。方法以2012年7月至2014年2月在该院产科门诊就诊的6248例妊娠晚期孕妇为研究对象，采用荧光定量聚合酶链反应（FQ-PCR）检测是否感染GBS。以检测结果为阳性孕妇为GBS阳性组，共219例。按1∶1比例在检测结果为阴性孕妇中随机抽取219例作为阴性组。随访两组孕妇的妊娠结局、分娩方式、分娩孕周、妊娠并发症、新生儿体质量、新生儿评分（Apgar评分）等。结果（1）GBS阳性组孕妇并发胎膜早破、胎儿窘迫、产后出血的概率较阴性组明显增高，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05），而并发早产、羊膜炎、稽留流产的概率与阴性组比较，差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。（2）GBS阳性组新生儿低体质量、新生儿感染发生率较阴性组显著增高，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 GBS感染不但会对孕妇造成不良影响，而且会引起新生儿体质量下降。妊娠晚期孕妇产前常规筛查GBS很有必要。FQ-PCR技术可能是临床筛查GBS的有效方法。

Analysis of the screening results of GBS in late pregnant women

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of prenatal screening of group B streptococcus （GBS） in late preg-nant women. Methods A total of 6 248 late pregnant women,who accepted prenatal screening of GBS voluntarily in the hospital from June 2012 to February 2014,were selected as research objects,the fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction（FQ-PCR） was adopted to detect if infected with GBS. The patients with positive results were considered as GBS positive group（n=219）, while the patients with negative results were considered as GBS negative group（n=219） according to the detection results,and the pregnancy outcomes,delivery way,gestational age,pregnancy complications,neonates body mass,Apgar score and so on in the two groups were followed up. Results （1）The rate of premature rupture of membranes,fetal distress and postpartum hemorrhage in the GBS positive group were obviously higher than those in the GBS negative group with statistically significant difference （P〈0.05）,however,there were no significant difference in the incidence of premature birth, amnionitis and missed abortion between the two groups（P〉0.05）. （2）Compared with GBS negative group,the incidences of low birth weight of neonates and neonatal in-fection increased in the GBS positive group prominently with statistically significant difference （P〈0.05）. Conclusion GBS infec-tion will not only have harmful effect on pregnant women ,but also cause a decline in quality of newborn. It is necessary for late pregnant women to take routine screening of GBS infection ,and FQ-PCR may be a useful method for clinical screening.