乙肝肝硬化患者自我感受负担影响因素的调查分析及护理干预

目的探讨乙肝肝硬化患者自我感受负担（self-perceived burden,SPB）的影响因素及护理干预效果。方法对乙肝肝硬化患者进行包括问卷调查,将存在SPB的患者随机分成观察组和对照组。观察组在常规护理基础上给予针对降低SPB的护理干预,对照组仅予常规护理。比较两组干预后SPB情况。结果①154例乙肝肝硬化患者中86例（55.84%）存在自我感受负担,SPB患者与非SPB患者在病程、学历、家庭收入、疾病分期、是否知情及付款方式上有差异,且具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;②观察组干预后SPB较干预前显著改善（P〈0.05）,对照组干预后SPB较干预前无显著改善（P〉0.05）,干预后,观察组SPB水平显著优于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论专科护士系统了解乙肝肝硬化患者SPB的影响因素,并进行针对性护理干预可改善其SPB。

The factors contributing to self-perceived burden of patients suffering Hepatitis B cirrhosis and the effects of nursing intervention

Objective To understand the factors contributing to self-perceived burden （ SPB ） of patients experiencing Hepatitis B cirrhosis and the effects of nursing intervention . Method The patients were first asked to answer a questionnaire so designed to obtain their demographical and clinical information .They then were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group . The control group were administered with conventional care , while the experimental group were given intended nursing care in addition to the conventional care as given to the control group .The SPBvaluesasobservedinthetwogroupsbeforeandafterinterventionwerecompared.Findings 86（55.84%）patients were found to suffer SPB; Significant differences between the two groups were found in the aspects of disease progress , education, family income, disease stage, and ability to cover expenses （P 〈0.05）.After intervention, the SPB was significantly reduced in the experimental group as compared with before intervention （P〈0.05）; After intervention, the SPB in the experimental group was more significantly improved than that in the control group （P〈0.05）.Conclusion Scientific knowledge of the factors contributing to the SPB of patients suffering hepatitis B cirrhosis and targeted nursing intervention could assist in addressing the problem in discussion .