Potentiated startle as a measure of the negative affective consequences of repeated exposure to nicotine in rats |
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Authors: | Jeffrey M Engelmann Anna K Radke and Jonathan C Gewirtz |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 East River Rd, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;(2) Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, 321 Church St. S, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; |
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Abstract: | Rationale Elevated acoustic startle amplitude has been used to measure anxiety-like effects of drug withdrawal in humans and animals.
Withdrawal from a single opiate administration has been shown to produce robust elevations in startle amplitude (“withdrawal-potentiated
startle”) that escalate in severity with repeated exposure. Although anxiety is a clinical symptom of nicotine dependence,
it is currently unknown whether anxiety-like behavior is elicited during the early stages of nicotine dependence in rodents. |
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