老年患者上消化道出血420例临床特点分析

目的总结老年患者上消化道出血的临床特点。方法对收治并确诊为上消化道出血的患者864例，其中老年组420例，非老年组444例，比较两组患者的出血原因及胃癌发生率。结果老年组患者呕血率与伴随疾病率均高于非老年组，两组差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。从发病原因来看，无论是老年组还是非老年组，引起上消化道出血最主要的原因均为消化性溃疡，其中老年组患者以胃溃疡多见，而非老年组中以十二指肠溃疡为主，两组间的差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；老年组中胃癌的发生率明显高于非老年组，而食管静脉曲张的发生率低于非老年组，两组间差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论非老年上消化道出血患者以十二指肠溃疡和食管静脉曲张多见；老年上消化道出血患者以胃溃疡和胃癌多见，同时伴有较多的并发症，死亡率较高。

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in elderly patients

Objective To summarize the clinical features of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in elderly patients. Methods 840 patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into two groups based on their age： elderly patients and young patients. Results The rates of hematemesis and other diseases were significantly higher in the elderly patient group than that in the young patient group （P〈0.01）. The major cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding was peptic ulcer in both elderly and young patient group. The incidence of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer showed no significant difference in elderly patients （P〉0.05）. However, the incidence of gastric ulcer was significantly lower than that of duodenal ulcer in young patients （P〈0.01）, Conclusion Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in elderly patients is associated with a higher risk of hematemesis, more complications, and a higher mortality rate.