Salting-out homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction for the spectrophotometric determination of iodate in food grade salt |
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| Institution: | 1. The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, 2042, Australia;2. Charles Perkins Centre and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia;3. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom;1. Department of Physics, Global Engineering College, Jabalpur, MP 482001,;2. Department of Post Graduate Studies and Research, Rani Durgawati University, Jabalpur, MP 482002,;3. Department of Chemistry, Bose Memorial Research Lab., Govt. Auto. Model Science College, Jabalpur, MP 482002,;1. CONICET- Universidad De Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal, (INPA), CP C1427CWO, Buenos Aires, Argentina;2. Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Facultad de Ingeniería Química Programa De Investigación y Análisis de Residuos y Contaminantes Químicos (PRINARC), Santiago del Estero 2654 Piso 5-6, CP 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina;3. Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental, Departamento de Engenharia, CP 19020, Bairro Jardim Das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil;1. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland;2. Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland;3. Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland;4. Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland;1. University of Botswana, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, PB UB 00704, Gaborone, Botswana;2. The National Veterinary Laboratory, PB0035, Gaborone, Botswana |
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| Abstract: | A simple and rapid method has been reported for the determination of iodate in food grade salt samples where iodate has been used for the oxidation of phenylhydrazine to phenyldiazonium ion which then couples with 2-naphthol or with 8-hydroxyquinoline to produce orange red azo dye. The dye was extracted with microliter volume of 2-propanol, when the phase separation occurred by addition of ammonium sulphate, a process called salting out homogeneous liquid liquid microextraction (SH-LLME), and analysed spectrophotometrically. Relative efficiencies of both the coupling reagents were compared for iodate determination, when both coupling agents, 8-hydroxyquinoline and 2-naphthol, produced relatively comparable results. The method has been optimized for the reaction time, and type of extracting solvent and salt for phase separation. A linear calibration curve was obtained for 0.08?10 mg L?1 of iodate with correlation coefficient of 0.998 and limit of detection of 16 μg L?1. Food grade salt samples have been analyzed with adequate recovery in spiking experiments, being, 86.2–114.6 (RSD, 6.6–12.6 %) and 90.8–111.3 (RSD, 7.1–12.6 %) using 2-naphthol and 8-hydroxyquinoline as a coupler, respectively. The SH-LLME avoids pH adjustment of the final test sample before extraction, and Cu(II) and Fe(III) up to 1 and 6 mg L?1, respectively, can be tolerated. Enrichment factors with the two reagents in that order were 21 and 20, respectively. |
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| Keywords: | Salting-out homogeneous liquid liquid microextraction Iodate Diazotization Food grade salt Food composition Food analysis Spectrophotometry Phenylhydrazine |
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