Maternal folic acid and micronutrient supplementation is associated with vitamin levels and symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorders |
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| Institution: | 1. Département de Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médecine et Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada;2. Département de médecine nucléaire et radiobiologie, Faculté de Médecine et Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada;1. Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA;2. Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (M.I.N.D.) Institute, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA;3. Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA;4. Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute for Genetic Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA;5. Graduate Group in Epidemiology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA;6. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA;7. Departments of Preventive Medicine and Pediatrics, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, Children''s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA;1. Department of Children''s and Adolescent Health, Public Health College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China;2. Department of school health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China |
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| Abstract: | To explore possible associations between maternal use of micronutrient supplements and the subsequent vitamin levels and symptoms in offspring with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a total of 416 children with ASD and 201 typically developing (TD) children were enrolled. The children born to mothers without folic acid (FA) and micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy had more severe social cognition impairments, social communication impairments, autism behaviour mannerisms, developmental delays in adaptive and gross motor behaviour and gastrointestinal problems than children born to mothers who used FA and micronutrient supplements (P＜0.05). Interestingly, there was an association between maternal micronutrient supplementation and vitamin A (VA), vitamin D (VD) and folate levels in the ASD children (P<0.05), and levels of these vitamins also were associated with symptoms of ASD. Maternal FA and/or micronutrient supplementation may potentially moderate the symptoms of ASD. Interrupting the chain of micronutrient deficiencies between pregnant mothers and children may be beneficial in improving symptoms of ASD. |
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| Keywords: | Maternal micronutrient supplements Autism spectrum disorder Symptoms |
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