建水县7～18岁汉族学生生长发育状况分析

目的 了解建水县儿童青少年生长发育规律,为有关部门制定政策提供依据.方法 使用2005年和2010年全国学生体质健康调研数据中的云南省资料,对建水县汉族学生的形态、机能和素质指标进行分析.结果 2010年建水县7～18岁汉族学生身高、体重、胸围和肺活量等形态、机能指标以及速度、爆发力、耐力、肌力和柔韧性指标均有明显的年龄特征,随着年龄的增长呈上升趋势,各年龄的生长速度不同,各指标的发育符合生长发育的一般规律;城市学生身高、胸围发育趋势减缓甚至停滞,农村学生生长发育速度快于城市,城乡差异缩小;速度、下肢爆发力和耐力男生好于女生,柔韧性女生优于男生;除柔韧性城市学生明显高于乡村学生外,其余指标均无明显的城乡差异.男女生速度、耐力、下肢爆发力和女生腹肌力下降,男女生柔韧性、男生上臂肌力有所提高.结论 学校、家庭和社会要形成合力,加强引导,创造学生平衡膳食和加强锻炼的环境,培养学生树立合理膳食、参加运动的意识及行为习惯,促进学生体质健康.

Anlaysis of the Growth and Development among the Hain Students from Seven to Eighteen in Jianshui

OBJECTIVE In order to investigate the growth and development of children and adolescents in Jianshui County, and provide the basis for the relevant departments to formulate policies. METHODS Using the materials of Yurman in 2005 and 2010 in national student health survey data, analysis of morphology, function and quality index of Jianshui County in Han students. RESULTS Age characteristics results in 2010, Jianshui County＇s Han students aged 7-18 years old, height, chest circumference, vital capacity weight form function index and speed, power, endurance, strength and flexibility index siguificantly, increased with the age, growth rate of each age is different, each index development conforms with the general rules of growth and development. Urban students height, chest circumference growth trend slowed down or even stagnation. The rural students＇ growth is faster than the city, urban and rural difference. About the speed, endurance, explosive force, the boys are better than the girls. The girls are better than theboys in flexibility. About flexibility, the urban area was significantly higher than the rural area. The urban and the rural areas in other indexes had no obvious difference. Decline in the male, girls speed, endurance, explosive force of lower limbs and abdominal muscle force girls. The boys and girls＇ flexibility and the boys upper arm muscle strength improved. CONCLUSION The school, family and society should form a resultant force, strengthen guidance, make students to balance diet and exercise environment, cultivating the consciousness and behavior habit of reasonable diet and exercise, promote the students＇ physical health.