变应原疫苗雾化吸入治疗对哮喘患者的疗效评定

目的探讨用变应原疫菌（AV）雾化吸入，观察其对支气管哮喘患者血清中的细胞因子IL-2，IL-4，IgE水平的影响。方法将90例哮喘缓解期的患者分作3组观察，根据变态原皮试阳性报告，对30例患者用变应原疫菌雾化吸入，测定治疗前后血清中IL-2，IL-4，IgE水平含量的变化，随机将另外60例平均分为两组，以变应原疫菌舌下含服和变应原疫菌皮下注射的途径分别给药。最后对三种不同的特异性免疫治疗方法进行疗效评定。同时选择32例健康者作对照。结果变应原疫菌雾化吸入组的30例病人，测定治疗前后血清中IL-4，IgE的含量比正常对照组明显偏高，IL-2的含量明显偏低，有临床统计学意义：（t=4．869；5．598；10．009；均为P〈0.01）。经过一年的治疗，复查血清IL-2的含量明显增高，IL-4和IgE的含量有所降低，治疗前后有临床统计学意义：（t=7．303；2．494；2．225；均为P〈0．05）其他两种给药途径也具有相同作用。三种给药途径的疗效均达到86％以上，无统计学差异（X=0.05，P=0．05）而AV雾化吸入方法的效率略高于其它两组。结论变应原疫菌（AV）雾化吸入治疗法目前是一种安全，有效，简便的特异性免疫疗法，更便于被患者接受。

Effect of allergen vaccine atomization inhalation on cytokines in patients with asthma

[Objective] To investigate the role of specific immunotherapy treatment (SIT) by observing IL-2, IL-4 and IgE in asthma patients treated with atomization inhalation of allergen vaccine (AV). [Methods] Among the 90 patients with asthma, IL-2, IL-4 and IgE were detected before and after treatment in the 30 patients with positive allergen skin test. The other 60 patients were divided randomly into two groups according to sublingual contain and hypodermic injection respectively. To assess the treatment effects of three different methods, 32 healthy patients were selected as control. [Results] IL-4 and IgE in patients treated with AV inhalation were higher than that of the control and IL-2 was significantly lower (all P <0.01). After 12 months of AV atomization inhalation treatment, IL-2 were significantly increased, and IL-4 and IgE were decreased (t=7.303, 2.494, and 2.225, respectively, and P <0.05). It was the same as the other two ways (X=0.05, P =0.05). [Conclusions] AV efficacy atomization inhalation is a safe, valid and convenient specific immunotherapy treatment , and it is more acceptable for patients.