行为转变理论在妊娠期糖尿病患者自我护理中的应用效果

目的 探讨行为转变理论在妊娠期糖尿病患者自我护理中的应用效果.方法 便利抽样法选取2015年6-12月在上海市嘉定区妇幼保健院产科门诊就诊的妊娠期糖尿病孕妇110例为研究对象,按随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组,每组55例.对照组患者给予常规的妊娠期糖尿病护理干预,观察组在常规护理干预的基础上给予行为转变理论干预.观察两组患者干预前后血糖水平及自我护理行为能力评分情况.结果 干预前,两组孕妇空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖和糖化血红蛋白水平的差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05);干预后,两组孕妇空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖水平和糖化血红蛋白水平均有所降低,与干预前比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05);且观察组孕妇空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖水平和糖化血红蛋白水平均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).干预前,两组孕妇足部护理管理、血糖监测管理、运动管理和饮食管理等方面的评分差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05);干预后,两组孕妇各项评分均较干预前升高,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05);且观察组孕妇各项评分明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).结论 行为转变理论可以提高妊娠期糖尿病患者的血糖控制和自我护理能力,值得临床推广应用.

Application Effects of Trans-theoretical Model of Behavior on the Self-care of Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Objective To discuss the application effects of trans-theoretical model of behavior on the self-care of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods By convenience sampling,110 cases were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 55 cases in each group.The control group received routine gestational diabetes mellitus nursing intervention,while the observation group was applied with transtheoretical model of behavior on the basis of routine nursing intervention.The blood glucose level and self-care behavior assessment score before and after intervention were compared between two groups.Results Before intervention,there was no statistical significance of the blood glucose level,2 h postprandial blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin level between two groups (all P ＞ 0.05).After intervention,the blood glucose level,2 h postprandial blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin level in two groups were all reduced in both two groups (all P＜0.05),and the blood glucose level,2 h postprandial blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin level in observation group were significantly lower than that of control group (all P＜0.05).Before intervention,no statistical significance of feet nursing management,blood sugar monitoring,exercise management and diet management was found in two groups (all P＞0.05).After intervention,each score in two groups was improved (all P＜0.05),and each score in observation group was higher than which in control group (all P＜0.05).Conclusion Trans-theoretical model has great significance in aspects of glycemic control and self-care improvement in patients with gestational diabetes,which is worth for clinical application.