长沙市某区失能老人家庭照护者照护知识和技能现状及需求研究

目的了解长沙市某区失能老人家庭照护者照护知识和技能现状及需求。方法 2016年12月,采用滚雪球法选取长沙市某区失能老人家庭照护者96名为研究对象,采用中文版Barthel指数量表评定失能老人的日常生活能力,同时使用失能老人照护知识问卷和照顾者所需知识与技能表对照护者进行调查。结果家庭照护者照护知识平均得分为(17.87±6.92)分。不同年龄、文化程度以及与失能老人亲属关系不同的家庭照护者,其照护知识的掌握情况差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。家庭照护者对照护知识和技能需求的平均得分为(62.76±12.15)分。高中及以下人员、失能者的配偶及子女和照护的失能者Barthel指数较低者,其照护知识的需求得分较高,与其他照护者相比,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。家庭照护者对照护知识技能的需求排在前5位为疾病知识、康复、用药、身体不适和预防处理褥疮知识。结论长沙市某区失能老人的家庭照护者照护知识和技能亟待加强,学习需求强烈,应对其开展照护知识和技能培训。

Study on the Current Status and Demands on Nursing Knowledge and Skills among Disabled Elder Caregivers in One District of Changsha City

Objective To understand the current status and demands on nursing knowledge and skills for disabled elder caregivers in one district of Changsha city.Methods By using snowball sampling method,96 cases were selected and investigated by using Chinese version of Barthel indices to evaluate the abilities of activities of daily living (ADL) of the disabled elders.Nursing knowledge and skill and demands for nursing knowledge were evaluated separately by nursing knowledge and demands for nursing knowledge for disabled questionnaire scales.Results The average score of the knowledge was (17.87±6.92) point.Caregivers with different age,educational background and relationship with elders have different level of nursing knowledge (all P＜0.05).All of the caregivers were have demands on nursing knowledge and skill with average score of (62.76± 12.15).Those caregivers withless education,being spouse or kids of the elders and taking care of disabled with lower Barthel Index have higher needs than the others (P ＜0.05).The top 5 needs among family caregivers were knowledge of the diseases,rehabilitation knowledge,medicine instruction,knowledge for other health problems,and prevention for bedsore.Conclusion The nursing knowledge and skills need to be strengthened among nursing station and family caregivers.All of the caregivers have needs for nursing knowledge.The training program should be given to the caregivers to improve the quality of the disabled elderly.