三种快速成型制作的聚酯/钙磷盐人工骨修复兔桡骨缺损的实验研究

目的检验3种聚酯／钙磷盐植骨材料修复兔桡骨缺损的效果,筛选理想的组织工程用生长因子载体。方法分别采用复合牛骨形态发生蛋白(bBMP)及单纯快速成型工艺制作的3种聚酯／钙磷盐载体材料修复兔桡骨15mm缺损,通过量化评价、影像学、组织学、材料降解及骨密度评价3种聚酯／钙磷盐载体材料修复兔桡骨缺损的效果。结果12周时各材料实验组骨缺损均愈合,各检测指标同对照组比较差异均有统计学意义,空白对照组骨缺损未愈合,以聚乳酸．聚羟基乙酸共聚物／磷酸三钙(PLGA／TCP)材料实验组修复效果最好,聚消旋乳酸／磷酸三钙(PDLLA／TCP)材料实验组次之,最后为聚左旋乳酸／磷酸三钙(PLIA／TCP)材料实验组。结论3种聚酯／钙磷盐材料制作的仿生活性人工骨皆可以修复兔15mm长骨骨缺损,其中以PLGA／TCP材料效果最为理想。

Repair of the radial defect of rabbit by polyester/tricalcium phosphate scaffolds prepared by rapid prototyping technology

Objective To evaluate the repairing effect of the rabbits radial defects of by polyester/tricalcium phosphate scaffolds prepared by rapid forming technology loaded with bovine BMP, and find a new carrier for growth factor. Methods Polyester/Tricalcium phosphate scaffolds prepared by rapid prototyping (RP) technology loaded with and without bovine BMP were used to repair the 15 mm radial defect of rabbit. Then results of radiography, histology, scaffolds degrade rates and bone density were appraised to examine the repairing effects of the scaffolds at 12 weeks. Results At 12 weeks, all defects treated with bBMP were radiographically repaired. No radii implanted polyester/tricalcium phosphate scaffolds alone showed radiographic and historical union. At experimental groups, longitudinal alignment of lamellar structure was observed histologically at 12 weeks, indicating that remodeling of regenerated bone almost completed, the scaffolds degradation rates were different by 12 weeks, and no abnormalities were observed in the surrounding soft tissue in all groups. Conclusion Polyester/tricalcium phosphate scaffolds prepared by rapid prototyping technology loaded with bovine BMP can repare the rabbits radical defects. As for the effects, the poly(L-lactic-co-glycolide)/tricalcium phosphate (PLGA/TCP) scaffold are ideal and better than poly(L-lacide-co-D,L-lactide)/tricalcium phosphate (PDLLA/TCP) scaffold, but the poly(L-lactic acid)/tricalcium phosphate (PLLA/TCP)is not so good for its low degradation rates.