学龄儿童正常肾脏彩色多普勒超声血流动力学观察

目的 对350名7—13岁儿童700个正常肾脏进行彩色多普勒血流动力学相关参数的观察，并观察肾脏血流动力学参数与儿童的年龄、性别、身高、体重、体表面积的相关性。方法 用彩色多普勒超声测量各年龄组儿童正常肾脏的肾内动脉的收缩期最大血流速度(Vsmax)、舒张末期血流速度(Vdmin)、平均流速(Vm)、搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)及S／D(Vsmax／Vdmin)。分别对不同年龄组间、不同性别间、以及相同年龄组间左右肾的血流动力学参数进行对比分折，同时将肾脏血流动力学参数与各年龄组儿童的身高、体重、体表面积进行相关性分析。结果 各年龄组间肾内动脉Vsmax、Vdmin及Vm有显著性差异(P＜0．01)，并且有随着年龄的增长而增长的趋势，而PI、RI及S／D各年龄组间无显著性差异(P＞0．05)；不同性别间及相同年龄左右肾间血流动力学参数无显著性差异(P＞0．05)；肾内动脉Vsmax、Vdmin及Vm与身高、体重、体表面积呈显著性正相关(P＜0．01)，而PI、RI及S／D与它们无关(P＞0．05)。结论 7—13岁儿童正常肾脏彩色多普勒超声血流动力学参数Vsmax、Vdmin及Vm与年龄、身高、体重、体表面积呈正相关；而PI、RI及S／D则与其无关。

Observation of Hemodynamics of Normal Kidney in School-Aged Children by Doppler Ultrasonography

Objective To study the hemodynamics of 700 normal kidneys in 350 children by Doppler ultrasongraphy,and to determin the relationalship between the hemodynamics and their ages,sex,height,weight and body surface area in 7-13 school-aged children. Methods Routine abdominal sonography among 350 school-aged children were examined prospectively,and the internal diameter of left and right renal arteries was measured.Meanwhile,peak systolic blood flow velocity(Vsmax),end diastolic blood flow velocity (Vdmin),mean-envelped blood flow velocity (Vm),pulse index (PI),resistance index (RI) and S/D (Vsmax/Vdmin) were measured with Doppler imaging.Then,they were wade a relative analysis to their ages,sex,height,weight and body surface area. Results There was a progressive increase in Vsmax,Vdmin and Vm with age (P<0.01).The correlation was very close between Vsmax,Vdmin,Vm and height,weight,body surface area respectively (P<0.01).There was no statistically significant difference in PI,RI,S/D between ages (P>0.05).And none in the relational value of renal hemodynamics between girls and boys and the left and right kidneys in the same age (P>0.05). Conclusion There was a progressive increase in Vsmax,Vdmin and Vm of normal kidney with age in 7~13 school-aged children.And there was a relationship between Vsmax,Vdmin,Vm with height,weight,body surface area,but none of them in the relational value with PI,RI,S/D.