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Fish cell lines as a tool for the ecotoxicity assessment and ranking of engineered nanomaterials |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150028, China;2. Life Science and Environmental Science Research Center, Harbin Institute of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China;1. Univ, Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805, F-33400 Talence, France;2. Cedre, Centre de Documentation, de Recherche et d′Expérimentations sur les Pollutions Accidentelles des Eaux, Brest Cedex 2, France;1. Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangdong Provinces, Guangzhou, 510380, China;2. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China;3. Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China;1. Institut Pasteur, Macrophages et Développement de l’Immunité, Paris, France;2. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), URA 2578, Paris, France;3. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaire, Jouy-en-Josas, France;1. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Taian 271018, PR China;2. Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Shandong Province, Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of Shandong Province, Shandong Jinan 250022, PR China;3. Shandong New Hope Liuhe Co., Ltd, New Hope Group, Shandong Qingdao, 266061, PR China |
| Abstract: | Risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is being hindered by the sheer production volume of these materials. In this regard, the grouping and ranking of ENMs appears as a promising strategy. Here we sought to evaluate the usefulness of in vitro systems based on fish cell lines for ranking a set of ENMs on the basis of their cytotoxicity. We used the topminnow (Poeciliopsis lucida) liver cell line (PLHC-1) and the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fibroblast-like gonadal cell line (RTG-2). ENMs were obtained from the EU Joint Research Centre repository. The size frequency distribution of ENM suspensions in cell culture media was characterized. Cytotoxicity was evaluated after 24 h of exposure. PLHC-1 cells exhibited higher sensitivity to the ENMs than RTG-2 cells. ZnO-NM was found to exert toxicity mainly by altering lysosome function and metabolic activity, while multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) caused plasma membrane disruption at high concentrations. The hazard ranking for toxicity (ZnO-NM > MWCNT ≥ CeO2-NM = SiO2-NM) was inversely related to the ranking in size detected in culture medium. Our findings reveal the suitability of fish cell lines for establishing hazard rankings of ENMs in the framework of integrated approaches to testing and assessment. |
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