64层螺旋CT对心尖肥厚型心肌病的临床应用研究

目的 探讨64层螺旋CT(MSCT)在心尖肥厚型心肌病(AHCM)中的临床价值.方法 搜集AHCM患者21例,其中14例经超声心动图(UCG)确诊,UCG检查阴性的7例经MRI确诊.所有患者均行MSCT检查,5例患者有左心室和冠状动脉导管造影对照.(1)利用MSCT后处理工作站分别测量左心室各节段舒张末期和收缩末期室壁厚度并计算心尖部室壁增厚率(LVAT),计算左心室心尖部舒张末期最大室壁厚度(LvA)和左心室基底段后壁舒张末期室壁厚度(LVPW)的比值(LVA/LVPW);利用心功能分析软件定量测量左心室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、射血分数,与对照组30名正常人MSCT测量结果进行对比分析,采用独立样本的t检验进行统计学分析.(2)利用MSCT血管分析软件判断冠状动脉血管有无狭窄并测量狭窄率.结果 MSCT左心室四腔面和两腔面观察AHCM患者在左心室舒张末期均显示心尖部心肌呈弥漫性或节段性增厚,导致左心室心腔变形.定量分析显示AHCM组和对照组LVEDV分别为(82.6±11.4)与(108.5±10.6)ml;心尖部LVA分别为(20.6±3.4)与(9.9±1.5)mm;LVA/LVPW比值分别为2.1±0.5与1.1±0.2;LVAT分别为(25.6±4.7)%与(81.5±8.5)%,以上指标差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为8.32、15.29、9.91和27.30,P值均＜0.05);LVPW和左心室射血分数(LVEF)2组比较差异无统计学意义(t值分别为0.26和1.13,P值均＞0.05).MSCT血管分析软件显示21例患者中5例肌壁内冠状动脉-心肌桥形成,4例出现血管狭窄,其中1例1支血管狭窄＞70%诊断冠心病.5例患者行左心室和冠状动脉导管造影检查,所见与MSCT相符.结论 MSCT能准确诊断AHCM,实现了心脏解剖、功能和冠状动脉的综合评价,避免了有创冠状动脉造影和重复检查对患者带来的不便,在评价心肌血流灌注、心肌活性方面表现出良好的应用前景.

Clinical application of 64-slice spiral CT for apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Objective To evaluate the clinical application values of 64-row MSCT for apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(AHCM).Methods Twenty-one patients with AHCM were included in this study,14 patients were diagnosed by echocardiography(UCG),and 7 patients were diagnosed by MRL AU patients underwent MSCT exam,and 5 patients also had ventriculography and coronary angiography.The left ventricular wall thickness in end-systole and end-diastole phases were measured at MSCT workstation,the left ventricular apex thickening rate(LVAT)and the ratio of maximum wall thickness of the left ventrieular apex(LVA)to the left ventricular posterior wall thickness(LVA/LVPW)in end-diastole phase were calcdated.The left ventricular end-diastolie volume(LVEDV)and left venueular ejection fraction (LVEF)were quantitively evaluated with cardiac functional analysis software.The results were compared with the measurement results from the normal control group(30 volunteers).The independent-samples t test was used for the statistics.At the same time.the coronary stenosis was measured.Results Diffuse or partial thickening of the LV apical myocardium were found in the four-chamber view and two-chamber view of MSCT images.which leaded to the deformation of the left ventricle chamber.The LVEDV were(82.6±11.4)and(108.5±10.6)ml in the AHCM group and the control group,respectively;the LVA were (20.6±3.4)and(9.9±1.5)mm;LVA/LVPW were 2.1±0.5 and 1.1±0.2;the LVAT were(25.6±4.7)%and(81.5±8.5)%.There were significant differences in LVEDV,LVA,LVA/LVPW and LVAT between the two groups(t=8.32 and 15.29,P＜0.05;t=9.91 and 27.30,P＜0.05;respectively),but there were no statistical differences in LVPW and LVEF between the two groups(t=0.26 and 1.13.P＞0.05).Five patients had myocardium bridging and 4 patients had coronary stenosis.Conclusion AHCM can be diagnosed accurately with MSCT,and the cardiac anatomy.function and coronary artery are also assessed simultaneously.