重庆地区193例化妆品变应性接触性皮炎患者斑贴试验结果分析

 目的:分析重庆地区化妆品变应性接触性皮炎患者主要化妆品成分变应原，以便指导患者合理选择和使用化妆品，降低皮炎的发生率。方法:选取我院皮肤科门诊确诊为化妆品变应性接触性皮炎的193例患者进行化妆品成分斑贴试验，并对结果作统计学分析。结果:斑贴试验总阳性率为69.43%，合并2种及2种以上变应原的患者占50.26%，阳性率前5位的变应原分别为硫柳汞、十二烷基硫酸钠、尼泊金酯、三乙醇胺和乙二胺；女性斑贴试验阳性率为73.33%，明显高于男性，差异有统计学意义(X²=9.67，P<0.05）；青年组明显高于其他年龄组，差异有统计学意义（ X²=36.79，P<0.05）。结论：硫柳汞、十二烷基硫酸钠、尼泊金酯、三乙醇胺和乙二胺5种物质是重庆地区化妆品变应性接触性皮炎患者主要的致敏成分。化妆品变应性接触性皮炎患者以女性为主，中青年多见。

The patch test results of 193 patients with cosmetic allergic contact dermatitis in Chongqing

Objective：To analyze the main cosmetic ingredients allergens of patients with cosmetic allergic contact dermatitis in Chongqing, and guide patients to choose and use cosmetics reasonably to reduce the probability of dermatitis. Methods: A total of 193 patients with cosmetic allergic contact dermatitis in our dermatology clinic were selected for the cosmetic patch test, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results: The total positive rate of the patch test was 69.43%, and patients with 2 or more allergens accounted for 50.26%. The top 5 allergens were thimerosal, sodium lauryl sulfate, paraben, triethanolamine and ethylenediamine. The positive rate of female patch test was 73.33%, which was significantly higher than that of male patch test (  X²=9.67，P<0.05). The positive rate in the youth group was significantly higher than that in other age group ( X²=36.79，P<0.05). Conclusion: Thimerosal, sodium lauryl sulfate, paraben, triethanolamine and ethylenediamine are the main sensitizing ingredients for patients with cosmetic allergic contact dermatitis in Chongqing.