COVID-19的临床特征和CT表现

目的探讨COVID-19的临床特征和CT表现特点。方法回顾性分析我院核酸检测确诊的13例COVID-19患者的临床和CT资料。CT重点观察病灶的密度、数目、分布、位置和形态，以及有无胸膜增厚、胸腔积液、纵膈淋巴结肿大或其他伴随征象。结果确诊患者包括男性9例，女性4例，年龄31~67岁（49±12岁）。常见临床症状包括发热（8例），干咳或咳嗽（3例），伴有腹泻、恶心呕吐（1例）。2例出现外周淋巴细胞计数减低，5例出现C-反应蛋白增加。CT表现:病灶多发10例，双肺下叶背段或后基底段累及者共11例，以周围性分布（位于胸膜下或叶间裂胸膜下区）为主12例，沿支气管树分布10例，形态以团片状和斑片状为主10例，伴网格状影9例，密度以磨玻璃密度病灶为主11例，病灶临近支气管血管束增粗9例，伴有胸膜增厚或牵拉变形（包括叶间裂扭曲）8例，无胸腔积液和纵膈淋巴结增大。结论COVID-19临床特征常表现为发热和C-反应蛋白的增加，影像表现为肺部外周性磨玻璃影，胸部高分辨率CT扫描能早期发现COVID-19患者的肺部改变。 

Clinical characteristics and CT findings of COVID-19

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and CT features of novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19).Methods The clinical and CT data of 13 cases of COVID-19 diagnosed by nucleic acid test in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The CT features focused on the density, number, distribution, location and morphology of the lesions, as well as pleural thickening, pleural effusion, mediastinal lymph node enlargement or other accompanying signs. Results There were 9 males and 4 females, aged 31-67 years, with an average age of 49±12 years. Common clinical symptoms included fever(8/13),dry cough or cough(3/13), accompanied by diarrhea, nausea and vomiting in 1 case(1/13). Lymphocyte count in peripheral blood decreased in 2 cases(2/13) and CRP increased in 5 cases(5/13). 10 cases(10/12) have multiple lesions, 11 cases(11/12)involve the dorsal and posterior basal segment of the lower lobe bilateral lung. Peripheral distribution(located in subpleural or subpleural area of interlobular fissure) was dominant in 12 cases(12/12), and distribution along the bronchial tree in 10 cases(10/12), There were 10 cases(10/12) with mass and patchy morphology, 9 cases(9/12) with grid shadow. The density was mainly ground-glass opacity lesions(11/12 cases), thickening of the adjacent bronchial bundle was observed in 9 cases(9/12),Pleural thickening or traction deformation(including interlobular fissure distortion) was observed in 8 cases(8/12). Conclusion The clinical features of COVID-19 are fever and increased CRP. The imaging features is peripheral GGO, and HRCT of the chest can detect the pulmonary changes of COVID-19 patients at an early stage.