社区老年人跌倒风险筛查与评估的最佳证据总结

目的收集国内外社区老年人跌倒风险筛查和评估的最佳证据,为社区老年人跌倒筛查及准确评估提供指导。方法系统检索Cochrane Library、JBI、EMbase、CINAHL、UpToDate、PubMed、医脉通、英国国家临床优化研究所网站、美国国立指南网、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据、WHO网站等数据库和网站,纳入关于社区老年人跌倒风险筛查和评估的证据,包括指南、系统评价、Meta分析、证据总结、专家共识等。检索时限为2010年1月至2021年1月。由4名研究者对文献质量进行独立评价,结合专业人士的判断,对符合标准的文献进行资料提取。结果共纳入11篇文献,其中指南7篇、专家共识1篇、系统评价2篇、证据总结1篇。最佳证据包括社区老年人跌倒风险筛查和评估2个方面共9条证据。结论最佳证据总结为提高社区老年人跌倒风险筛检准确性提供了循证依据,医护人员应结合社区环境与老年人特点,合理地应用证据,以准确识别社区老年人跌倒的风险。

Best evidence summary for screening and assessment of fall risk for community residing older adults

Objective To collect and summarize the best evidence on screening and assessment of fall risk for community residing older adults.Methods Such databases and websites as Cochrane Library,JBI,EMbase,CINAHL,UpToDate,PubMed,Medlive,National Institute for Clinical Excellence(NICE),National Guideline Clearinghouse(NGC),CNKI,Wanfang,and WHO,etc.,were searched systematically to retrieve evidence on the screening and assessment of falls risk for community residing older adults published from January 2010 through January 2021,including guidelines,systematic reviews,meta-analysis,evidence summary and expert consensus reports,etc.The literature quality was independently evaluated by 4 researchers,and the literature that met the quality standard was picked for data extraction based on the judgment of professionals.Results A total of 11 publications were included,including 7 guidelines,1 expert consensus reports,2 systematic reviews,1 evidence summary report.Totally,9 pieces of best evidence on screening and assessment of fall risk for community residing older adults,were extracted.Conclusion The best evidence summary provides an evidence-based basis for improving the accuracy of fall risk screening of community residing older adults.Medical staff should take community environment,and the characteristics of the elderly into consideration,and reasonably use the evidence to help identify the fall risk of the community residing older adults.