体能锻炼对肾移植受者术后早期康复的影响

目的探讨体能锻炼对肾移植受者早期生理、心理功能及并发症的影响。方法将52例肾移植受者随机分为观察组(27例)和对照组(25例)两组。对照组给予常规处理,观察组在常规处理的基础上,于术后6周开始有计划地进行体能锻炼,持续24周。观察两组入组前,入组后6周、12周、18周、24周的血红蛋白、血清肌酐(Scr)、血钙水平,以及高血压、高血脂、高血糖、骨质丢失、肺部感染等并发症的发生情况。采用汉密顿焦虑量表(Hamilton anxiety,HAMA)评价两组入组前后的心理障碍发生情况。结果观察组体能锻炼12周后血红蛋白、血钙水平升高的幅度比对照组更为明显(均为P<0.05)。观察组的高血脂、骨质丢失发生率明显低于对照组(均为P<0.05)。观察组体能锻炼后发生焦虑障碍的例数少于对照组(P<0.05)。结论体能锻炼能显著改善肾移植受者的生理、心理功能,并降低并发症的发生率。

Effect of physical exercise on rehabilitation of recipients at early stage of renal transplantation

Objective To evaluate the effects of physical exercise on the physiological and psychological function and complication of renal transplant recipients at the early stage.Methods Fifty-two renal transplant recipients were randomly divided into observational group(n=27) and control group(n=25).Recipients in control group were given conventional treatment.Based on the conventional treatment,recipients in observational group began to do physical exercise from the sixth week after operation and lasted for 24 weeks.The levels of hemoglobin,serum creatinine(Scr),serum calcium and the occurrence of hypertension,hyperlipidemia,hyperglycemia,bone loss and the pulmonary infection were observed before and 6,12,18,24 weeks in the follow up.The occurrence of psychological obstruction of recipients in two groups were compared before and after operation by using Hamilton anxiety(HAMA).Results The elevating range of hemoglobin and serum calcium of recipients in observational group was higher than that in control group after exercising for 12 weeks(all in P<0.05).The occurrences of hyperlipidemia and bone loss in observational group were significantly lower than that in control group(all in P<0.05).The cases of anxiety in observational group were significantly lower than that in control group(all in P<0.05).Conclusions Physical exercise can significantly improve the physiological and psychological function and reduce the occurrence of complications of renal transplant recipients.