人食管鳞状上皮细胞癌变过程中P53基因蛋白产物的表达

选取３５例食管癌手术切除标本，多点取材，使每例中至少含有单纯增生、不典型增生粘膜上皮和癌组织，建立一个食管癌发生的多阶段模型。用免疫组化法检测了Ｐ５３基因蛋白产物在这一过程中的变化，并用ＰＣＲ技术检测了３５例标本中不同病变人乳头状瘤病毒１６、１８和３５型ＤＮＡ的存在状态。结果显示，６０％（２１／３５）的病例存在有Ｐ５３基因蛋白产物的高表达。凡癌组织表达阳性的病例，其对应的单纯增生，不典型增生粘膜上皮也均有不同程度的表达。在Ｐ５３表达阴性的１４例标本中，８例癌旁粘膜上皮显示有ＨＰＶ感染的组织学特征，而Ｐ５３蛋白高表达的２１例标本中仅有４例。但用ＰＣＲ方法３５例中均未检测到ＨＰＶ１６／１８／３５ＤＮＡ的存在。结果表明：Ｐ５３基因蛋白产物的高表达在食管癌的发生中是一个早期生物学标志。

Expression of P53 protein in carcinogenesis of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

The specimens were obtained from the esophageal carcinoma tissu of 35 patients. From the 35 samples , specimens were taken from different sites. Each specimen was ensured to comprise at least simple hyperplastic and dysplastic mucosal epithelium and cancerous tissue to establish a multistage model of esophageal carcinogenesis. The accumulation of P53 protein was studied in the pathogenesis of human esophageal cancer with LSAB immunohistochemical procedure. Using PCR technique, the presence of human papilloma virus(HPVs) 16/18/35 DNA was detected in the 35 specimens.The results showed that in 60%of the 35 specimens intense P53 immunostaining was observed in cell nuclei in the tissues with carcinoma. In 2 1 positive specimens, the corresponding simple hyperplastic and dysplastic mucosal epithelium also showed immunostaining. In the rest 40% of the 35 specimens without immunostaining in cancerous tissues,the overexpression of P53 protein was also not observed in the corresponding simple hyperplasia and dysplasia. In 35 specimens, the pericancerous mucosal epithelia showed typical features of HPVs infection in 12 cases,of which 4 cases were overexpressed and 8 cases were not stained,although in the specimens,HPVs16/18/35 DNA had not been detected with PCR. It is suggested that the overexpression of P53 protein may be an early event in carcinogenesis of the esophagus.