重庆市秀山县婴幼儿贫血发生率及影响因素调查分析

目的 调查重庆市秀山县婴幼儿贫血发生率及其影响因素,了解基线资料,提出相应的预防策略.方法 根据全国“消除婴幼儿贫血行动”项目重庆市秀山县的基线调查,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,选择秀山县2个样本乡8个行政村的6～24个月龄婴幼儿及其看护人为调查对象,通过问卷调查和采血详细了解贫血发生率及其影响因素.结果 婴幼儿贫血发生率为19.60％,6个月～＜1岁的贫血发生率最高为23.39％,年龄越大贫血发生率越低,但是不同年龄段的贫血发生率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;添加蔬菜水果、奶类是贫血的保护因素,OR值分别为0.11、O.18（P＜ 0.05）;添加豆类是贫血的危险因素,OR值为3.42（P＜ 0.05）;没有添加强化营养食品、吃辅食的月龄晚,发生贫血的概率高.家长们对婴幼儿贫血的知识了解很少.结论 重庆市秀山县婴幼儿贫血发生率较高,需要加强健康教育的宣传,让家长们了解预防婴幼儿贫血的知识和方法.重庆市需要在贫困农村地区推广补铁的辅食营养补充品.

Analysis of incidence and influencing factors of anemia among infants and young children of Xiushan County in Chongqing City

Objective To study the incidence and its influencing factors of anemia among infants and young children of Xiushan County in Chongqing City and analyze the baseline data,propose appropriate prevention strategies.Methods Based on the baseline survey of ＂Elimination of infant anemia actions＂ project in Xiushan County,a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used.6 to 24 months old infants and their caregivers of 8 administrative villages in 2 samples township of Xiushan County were chosen.All survey was carried out through questionnaires and blood sampling to learn more about the prevalence of anemia and its influencing factors.Results There was 19.60％ incidence of anemia among infants and young children.The anemia incidence of children aged 6 months to ＜ 1 year was the highest,accounted for 23.39％.The incidence of anemia decreased with the age growth,but there was no significant differences （P ＞ 0.05）.Addding vegetables fruit and milk were protective factors of anemia,with the OR values of 0.11 and 0.18 （P ＜ 0.05）; adding beans was the risk factor of anemia,with the OR value of 3.42 （P ＜ 0.05）; infants not adding fortified foods,eating food supplement later months of age,had higher incidence of anemia.Parents knew very little knowledge about infant anemia.Conclusion There is a high incidence of anemia among infants and young children in Xiushan County.It needs to strengthen health education and publicity to help parents understand the knowledge and methods of prevention of infant anemia.Chongqing municipality needs to promote nutritional supplements with iron in poor rural areas.