深圳市孕妇孕期体重管理模式探讨

目的 探讨深圳市孕妇妊娠期适宜体重增长范围.方法 选择2011年9月～2013年2月在深圳市人民医进行正规产前检查并分娩的3008例足月单胎孕妇为研究对象.根据孕前体重指数（BMI）将研究对象分为低体重组（BMI＜18.5 kg/m2）679例,正常体重组（BMI 18.5～23.9 kg/m2）2003例,超重组（BMI＞23.9～27.9 kg/m2）278例,肥胖组（BMI＞27.9 kg/m2）48例.分析各组正常出生体重儿和巨大儿母亲的孕期增重,并计算新生儿出生体重在2900～3499 9产妇的孕期平均增重,作为各孕前BMI组孕期适宜的体重增长.结果 超重组和肥胖组巨大儿的发生率明显高于低体重组和正常体重组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;低体重组、正常体重组及超重组中分娩巨大儿的孕妇孕期平均增重明显高于分娩正常出生体重儿的孕妇,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.各组孕妇孕期平均体重增长和适宜增重范围：低体重组12.00～18.00kg,平均（15.06±4.52）kg;正常体重组12.00～17.50 kg,平均（15.05±4.20）kg;超重组9.00～15.00kg,平均（12.39±5.17）kg;肥胖组9.00～14.50 kg,平均（12.17±5.09）kg.结论 推荐在深圳地区孕前低体重组和正常体重组的单胎足月妊娠妇女孕期平均体重增长为15 kg左右,适宜增重范围为12.00～18.00kg.

Research on weight gain management during pregnancy in Shenzhen City

Objective To investigate the appropriate range of gestational weight gain in pregnant women in Shenzhen City.Methods 3008 term singleton pregnant women were selected as the research group who have their prenatal examination and delivered in People＇s Hospital of Shenzhen City from September 2011 to February 2013.All subjects were divided into 4 groups according to their body mass index （BMI） before pregnancy：low weight group （n =679,BMI＜18.5 kg/m2）; normal weight group （n =2003,18.5-23.9 kg/m2）; overweight group （n =278,BMI＞23.9-27.9 kg/ m2）; obesity group （n =48,BMI＞27.9 kg/m2）.The weight gain among different groups who delivered normal birth weight infant and macrosomia were analyzed.The weight gain of pregnant women who delivered babies weighing 2900-3499 g in each group was calculated as the appropriate weight gain.Results Occurrence rate of macrosomia in overweight group and obesity group were higher than those in low weight group and normal weight group,the differences were statistically significant （P ＜ 0.05）.The weight gain of pregnant women who delivered macrosomia in low weight group,normal weight group,overweight group were higher than those who delivered normal birth weight infant,the differences were statistically significant （P ＜ 0.05）.The appropriate ranges of weight gain for each group were：overweight group：12.00-18.00 kg,average （15.06±4.52） kg; normal weight group：12.00-17.50 kg,average （15.05±4.20） kg; overweight group：9.00-15.00 kg,average （12.39±5.17） kg; obesity group：9.00-14.50 kg,average （12.17±5.09） kg.Conclusion In Shenzhen City,the appropriate pregnancy weight gain in low weight group and normal weight group were 15 kg,the appropriate ranges of weight gain are 12.00-18.00 kg.