初一学生抑郁情绪影响因素调查

目的:探讨初一学生抑郁症状及与之相关的心理和环境因素。方法:用自陈问卷调查300名样本的抑郁症状及自尊、生活事件、社会支持、家庭亲密度和矛盾性,分析这些因素与抑郁症状之间以及生活事件各因子与自尊之间的相关性。结果:抑郁症状发生率为11%;逐步回归分析发现,自尊、社会支持与抑郁症状负相关(标化回归系数分别为-0·59和-0·14),生活事件与之正相关(标化回归系数0·26);在生活事件6个因子中,学习压力及相关因子与自尊负相关(标化回归系数分别为-0·14和-0·13)。结论:抑郁症状在初一学生中相当常见;自尊水平低下、缺乏社会支持以及不良生活事件的影响与抑郁症状的发生有关;在各种生活事件中,来自学习过程的压力和挫败对自尊的影响最为突出。

Investigation and Analysis of Influential Factors on Junior Adolescent Depression

Objective: To explore the prevalence of depression in junior school students and its relationship with potential psychological and environmental factors. Method:Depressive symptoms, self-esteem, life events, social support, family cohesion and conflict were investigated with self-report questionnaire in 300 junior school students, the relationship between depression and other psychological or environmental factors were analyzed through stepwise regression. Results:The prevalence of depression in junior high school students was 11%. Among the 5 investigated psychological and environmental factors, self-esteem and social support were negatively related with depression (standardized regression coefficient were -0.59 and -0.14), while life events positively related with it(standardized regression coefficient was 0.26). Only "academic pressure" and another factors covering the item "do not want to go to school" showed a negative association with the students' self-esteem among the 6 factors included in the life events questionnaire (standardized regression coefficient were -0.149 and -0.13).Conclusion: Depression is common among junior school students. Poor self-esteem, lack of social support and negative life events are currently related with the development of adolescent depression. The pressure and failing experiences coming from academic activities are the most influential life events to the development of adolescents' self-esteem.