327例精神科药物不良反应回顾性分析

目的分析精神科药物不良反应的发生特点及相关影响因素,为临床用药提供参考。方法回顾性分析2013~2015年我院上报的327例药品不良反应,对患者性别、年龄、给药途径、剂型、药品种类、药物不良反应涉及器官或系统及主要表现、引起药品不良反应最多的前10种药物及其主要临床表现等进行分析。结果 327例发生药物不良反应的患者中,男性158例,女性169例,女性发生率高于男性;19~40岁患者药品不良反应发生率较高,有168例(51.38%);主要涉及的精神科药物是抗精神病药(69.97%),其次为抗抑郁药(13.70%);口服发生的药物不良反应更常见,以消化系统最常见(31.40%),其次是神经系统(14.25%),涉及最少的是呼吸系统(0.79%)。一般的药物不良反应占多数,奥氮平的药物不良反应发生率最高(13.98%)。结论精神科药物品种多,用药情况复杂,应加强临床用药的管理和监测,合理使用精神科药物,保障患者的用药安全。

Retrospective analysis of 327 cases of psychiatric adverse drug reactions

Objective To analyze the characteristics of psychiatric adverse drug reactions (ADR) and the related impact factors,and to provide references for clinical medication.Methods 327 cases of adverse drug reactions reported from 2013 to 2015 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Patients′ gender,age,administration way,dosage forms,drug types,the involved organ or system of ADR,the main performance,and the top 10 drugs in ADR were analyzed.Results 327 cases of adverse drug reactions occurred in patients,male 158 cases,female 169 cases.The incidence of female was slightly higher than male.Patients of 19-40 years old were with higher ADR incidence,168 cases (51.38%).The mainly involved drugs was antipsychotics (69.97%),followed by antidepressant (13.70%).Oral administration of ADR was more common.Digestive system was involved the most (31.40%),followed by the nervous system (14.25%),and the least respiratory system (0.79%).Common ADR was in the majority.Olanzapine had the highest incidence of ADR,accounting for 13.98%.Conclusion Psychiatric drugs have many varieties and psychiatric medication was complex.We should strengthen the management and monitoring of clinical medication and use the psychotropic drugs reasonably to ensure the medication safety.